Chapter 13 Multiple choice questions

. A learns that P intends to burgle A's place of work. Unknown to P, A distracts the security guide so that P can escape unnoticed. Which of the following is correct?

A is not guilty of aiding P because P was unaware of A's actions.

A is not guilty of aiding P because P did not request A's assistance.

A is guilty of aiding P.

A is not guilty of aiding P because they did not do enough.

. Which of the following cases established that A can be an accessory to an offence against themself?

R v Gnango [2011] UKSC 59.

R v Kennedy (No 2) [2008] 1 AC 269.

R v Jogee [2016] UKSC 8.

There is no such case: A cannot be both accessory and V.

. D tells her 8-year-old child to steal a packet of sweets at the supermarket. Which of the following represents the law?

D is not guilty because the child is below the age of criminal responsibility, so no crime was committed.

D is guilty as a principal offender.

D is guilty as an accessory.

D is guilty as joint principal.

. P asks A for a weapon to kill one of his three brothers, but does not say which. A gives P a knife. P kills two of his brothers:

A is an accessory to the first murder but not the second.

A is not an accessory to either murder.

A is an accessory to the murder of whichever brother A thought might be killed.

A is an accessory to both murders.

. A provides P with a crowbar, not knowing whether P intends to use it for a burglary or an act of criminal damage. P uses it for a series of burglaries. Which of the following represents the law?

A did not specifically intend to assist with burglary, so is not guilty.

A is guilty of one burglary but not the rest of the series.

A intended to assist only one offence so is not guilty.

A is guilty of assisting the series of burglaries.

. Six people commit a vicious and sustained assault together. V dies. It is not known who struck the fatal blow. Which of the following is correct?

Nobody is guilty of murder as P cannot be identified.

All six people are guilty of murder as principals.

All six people are guilty of aggravated assault but not murder.

All six people are guilty as accessories to murder.

. In Jogee [2016] UKSC 8, which case was identified as a wrong turn in the law?

Chan Wing-Siu v R [1985] AC 168.

Gnango [2011] UKSC 59

R v Rahman [2009] AC 129.

R v Johnson (Lewis) [2016] EWCA Crim 1613.

. In which of the following situations would A not be guilty?

P was not guilty because they acted under duress.

P was below the age of criminal responsibility.

P was not guilty because they acted in self-defence.

P was not guilty because they lacked MR.

. X, Y and Z plan a burglary together. In which of these situations would the defence of withdrawal be available?

After entering the building, X hears someone coming and runs away.

On their way to meet X and Z, Y sees some friends in a fight with another group of people. Y joins in, but when they see someone being fatally stabbed, they run away.

A few days before the burglary, Z changes their mind and goes away so that X and Y can't find them.

A few days before the burglary, Z says that they no longer wish to be involved. They try to persuade the others not to go ahead.

. Following Jogee, which of the following is a correct statement of the law?

D participates in the venture and foresees P might commit a further offence.

D participates in the venture and realises that P might commit a further offence.

D participates in the venture and intends to assist or encourage P to commit a further offence.

D participates in the venture with P who later commits a further offence.

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