Chapter 14 Self-test questions

This type of measurement is the defining method of psychometrics.

survey analysis

experimental observation

standardized testing

behaviour analysis

This popular-science term refers to the normal distribution of IQ scores throughout the population.

the Pearson scale

the correlation

the bell curve

the learning curve

Ninety-six percent of people's IQ scores fall between these two scores.

80 and 100

70 and 150

85 and 115

70 and 130

An IQ score between about 50 and 70 may reflect mild mental retardation, if the person also demonstrates

behavioural difficulties

physical abnormalities

dyslexia

poor language skills

Which of the following describes the most reliable and valid use of IQ scores?

using IQ as a measure of innate intelligence

using IQ to predict academic delinquency and truancy

using IQ to predict race and socioeconomic status

using IQ to predict academic performance and achievement

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, all of the following are examples of the use of practical intelligence, EXCEPT:

How can I best organize my schedule to balance work and socializing?

How can I best solve this anagram?

How can I save up to buy myself a car?

How can I manage my studying time to get an A?

According to Sternberg this type of intelligence is roughly equivalent to the idea of 'common sense'

Verbal intelligence

Practical intelligence

Interpersonal intelligence

General intelligence

The most frequently administered intelligence tests are

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the General intelligence scale

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale and the Gardner inventory of intelligence

The Spearman Inventory of intelligence and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale

According to Spearman the theorem of the indifference of the indication argued that

There are individual differences in intelligence

An individuals' score of any test administered could be used to predict a individuals score on any other test

An individuals' score of one test is only able to predict scores on similar tests

Scores on different tests are independent of scores on any others tests

Researchers have found evidence of strong correlations between scores on different intelligence tests, this is evidence for

External validity

Test-retest reliability

Concurrent validity

Inter-rater reliability

The Flynn effect describes

The decrease in IQ scores in older age

The steady increase in raw scores on IQ tests in the past century

The ability for an individuals' score of any intelligence test administered can be used to predict a individuals score on any other test

The cultural bias in IQ testing

Twin and adoption studies suggest that the heritability of IQ is around

50%

90%

80%

10%

The critical psychology perspective sees intelligence as

normally distributed

consisting of multiple components

a single factor (g)

a social construct

This movement begun by Francis Galton and advocated the selective breeding of which middle class families in order to promote higher levels of intelligence in the population

Social constructivism

dualism

eugenics

positive assortment

A researcher asks participants to complete the same questionnaire on two different occasions and to assess if their results are consistent over time. The research is assessing:

Attrition rate

External validity

Concurrent validity

Test-retest reliability

Furnham and Ritandelli-Tavaton (2011) found that the predictive value of IQ on GCSE performance was

1%

10%

20%

30%

According to Steinberg's theory of successful intelligence, scores on the three forms of intelligence are believed to

be independent of one another

be highly correlated with one another

correlate with other measures of general intelligence

be predictive of exam performance

When evaluating Steinberg's theory of intelligence, Brody (2003a, 2003b) found that scores on the tests of three abilities were

uncorrelated

correlated

lower than expected

culturally biased

According to Cattell and Horn's model, this type of intelligence is gained through exposure to education and culture

Crystallized intelligence

Fluid intelligence

Analytical intelligence

Practical intelligence

According to research by Davis, Haworth and Plomin (2009), general cognitive ability measured at the age of 1 is _ to measurements taken at age 17 or 18

lower

similar

higher

identical

Longitudinal studies suggest that the genetic influence of intelligence _ with age.

decreases

is constant

increases

disappears

The majority of research showing the effects of environmental insults on intelligence is

from retrospective studies

from the US

from the past decade

based on bad science practice

According to Simons et al's (2016) review of the evidence for the success of brain training, it was concluded that

There is minimal evidence that brain-training effects can generalise and lead to improved cognitive functioning in real-life situations

Brain-training effects can generalise and lead to improved cognitive functioning in real-life situations

Brain-training effects cannot generalise, but do lead to improved cognitive functioning in similar tasks in real-life situations

Brain-training effects lead to improved cognitive functioning for those over 60 only

Researchers wish to replicate the Dennis study examining the effects of environmental stimulation on children's' cognitive development. Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason that this study will not be conducted.

The researchers do not have access to the same sample

The experiment is too costly

The study would be scrutinised on ethical grounding

The research is not original

Headstart programmes – in which enriched nursey environments are provided to poorer populations have been found to

lead to little improvement in educational attainment

be effective in improving family dynamics in poorer families

lead to significant gains in educational attainment and income by the participants' early 30s

lead to no long-term gain

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