Chapter 5 Multiple Choice Questions

. What is the name of the subfamily in which modern humans, gorillas, chimps, and bonobos are all classified?

Hominini

Ponginae

Homininae

Anthropoidea

. What are the main characteristics that define the order of primates?

Derived mammalian skeleton, simple dentition, large brains, emphasis on sense of smell

Conserved mammalian skeleton, conserved dentition, large brains, emphasis on sense of vision

Derived mammalian skeleton, conserved dentition, small brains, emphasis on sense of vision

Conserved mammalian skeleton, simple dentition, large brains, emphasis on sense of smell

. 'LCA' refers to the…

last conserved ape in the primate order.

first ancestor on a new lineage after divergence.

last ancestor on a lineage.

last ancestor shared by two new lineages before they diverged.

. We recognize the earliest members of the Hominini by…

adaptations for bipedalism.

an increase in brain size.

the presence of stone tools.

the controlled use of fire.

. We verify bipedalism in the fossil record when we see skeletal changes that are…

seen only in the hips.

seen in the hips, knees, feet, and skull.

seen in the hands and shoulders.

recognized only by having a complete skeleton.

. Early hominine dentition indicates that they ate…

vegetation only.

meat only.

seeds, fruit, and meat.

insects.

. One of the statements below is NOT true of the earliest identifiable group of hominines. Which one?

They emerged about 4 million years ago (mya).

They show features that indicate bipedalism.

They show increased brain size.

They are found in Africa.

. Australopithecines, when compared with paranthropines, have…

very large molars.

smaller temporal fossae.

flaring zygomatics.

very robust mandibles.

. All of the following dentition changes are seen in humans EXCEPT…

reduction in molar size.

parabolic palate shape.

reduction in canine size.

increase in the size of the muscles of mastication.

. Which character listed is an example of a conserved mammalian character in humans?

Language

Five fingers and five toes

Bipedalism

Large brain size

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