Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Questions

. Which of the following pairs of Victorian scientists is credited with discovering the principles underlying the process of evolution?

Charles Darwin and Robert Hooke

Alfred Russel Wallace and Mary Anning

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace

Erasmus Darwin and Charles Darwin

. Which statement best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Chromosomes are divided between daughter cells randomly.

Factors for a hereditary characteristic are separated during gamete formation.

All genes are equally and independently divided between the resultant gametes.

Separation of factors for one gene does not affect separation of factors for another gene.

. When did Charles Darwin begin to believe that evolution explained biological diversity?

While he was at university

When he began his voyage on the Beagle

When he first saw the Galapagos finches

When he read Malthus' essay after he returned from his voyage

. Transmutation is…

a type of mutation.

a type of natural selection.

the conversion of one species to another.

the effect of a mutation on an organism.

. Which two words or phrases best describe Charles Darwin's theory of inheritance?

Genes and pangenesis

Gemmules and pangenesis

Genes and factors of heredity

Gemmules and factors of heredity

. The Grants measured the effects of which kind of selection on the beak size of Geospiza fortis?

Sexual selection

Disruptive selection

Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

. In disruptive selection…

there are no consistent selective forces.

selection changes the modal phenotype.

the intermediate phenotype is selected against.

the extreme phenotypes are selected against.

. An example of Batesian mimicry is…

a harmless hoverfly looking like a wasp.

Cepaea nemoralis snails occurring in a variety of colour patterns.

Biston betularia moths blending in with the surfaces they rest on.

different species of Darwin's finches having similar-shaped beaks.

. In stabilizing selection…

the same selective forces act in opposite ways on the intermediate phenotypes.

different selective forces operate on the intermediate phenotypes.

the same selective forces act in opposite ways on the extreme phenotypes.

different selective forces operate on the extreme phenotypes.

. Which one of the following is an example of sexual selection?

Male widowbirds with longer tails have more nests.

Each bird species tends to have a typical clutch size of eggs.

Mature lazuli bunting males tolerate the presence of dull immature males.

Female P. nyererei fish are more likely to mate with dull males in cloudy water areas.

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