Chapter 8 Matching Activity

Native American name for the Black soldiers of the U.S. 9th and 10th Cavalry units. They served in the western territories and attempted to keep the peace between Native Americans and white settlers.

An 1870 constitutional amendment forbidding discrimination in voting on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

A university located in Nashville, Tennessee, founded in 1866 to offer higher education to African American students.

U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the legality of Jim Crow laws, declaring that segregation based on race was constitutional as long as “separate” facilities were “equal.” It soon became clear, however, that facilities for Black Americans, such as schools, railroad cars, and waiting rooms, were rarely, if ever, equal to those provided for white people.

The Bureau of Refugees, Freedman, and Abandoned Lands, a government agency formed in 1865 and administered by the army in the area of the former Confederacy. It afforded aid and protection to freed people and assistance to poor white southerners.

The separation of Black and white people into separate racial groups in daily life.

The period following the Civil War when radical Republicans in Congress took control of Reconstruction policy, enacting legislation to protect the rights of Black citizens, especially the people recently freed from slavery.

An 1868 constitutional amendment removing racial restrictions on citizenship and mandating equal justice before the law.

An 1865 constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery in the United States except as a punishment for a crime.

Promoted the settlement of formerly enslaved people in the American colony of Liberia, in West Africa.

An early social welfare project established on the coast of South Carolina after U.S. troops occupied the sea islands of South Carolina and Georgia early in the war. Medical professionals, teachers, and missionaries came from the North to help freed people in their transition to freedom.

African Americans who fled the South in search of better opportunities and treatment in the West after the Civil War.