Chapter 8 Matching Activity

A massacre of captured U.S. troops, half of whom were Black, ordered by General Nathan Bedford Forrest when Fort Pillow fell to Confederate troops in the spring of 1864.

Organizations established by former abolitionists to aid formerly enslaved people, one of which provide food and medical supplies to the Exodusters in Kansas.

One of many white terrorist organizations associated with the bitterest and most violent opponents of Reconstruction and Black freedom. Formed in Pulaski, Tennessee, in late 1865, Klan members devoted themselves to denying African Americans any legitimate role in the public sphere, stressing the superiority of white, Protestant, Anglo-Saxon citizens.

Abraham Lincoln’s declaration of freedom for enslaved people living in Confederate-controlled areas on January 1, 1863.

An 1865 constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery in the United States except as a punishment for a crime.

Statutes discriminating against nonwhite Americans, particularly in the South. The term specifically refers to regulations enforcing racial segregation.

Native American name for the Black soldiers of the U.S. 9th and 10th Cavalry units. They served in the western territories and attempted to keep the peace between Native Americans and white settlers.

Promoted the settlement of formerly enslaved people in the American colony of Liberia, in West Africa.

An 1870 constitutional amendment forbidding discrimination in voting on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

African Americans who fled the South in search of better opportunities and treatment in the West after the Civil War.

A university located in Nashville, Tennessee, founded in 1866 to offer higher education to African American students.

The period following the Civil War when radical Republicans in Congress took control of Reconstruction policy, enacting legislation to protect the rights of Black citizens, especially the people recently freed from slavery.