* not completed

. Which of the following forms of energy can be used to do mechanical work in a machine but cannot be used to do physiological work in an animal?

Chemical-bond energy correct incorrect

Electrical energy correct incorrect

Mechanical energy correct incorrect

Heat correct incorrect

* not completed

. While riding a stationary bicycle, the maximum efficiency of converting chemical bond energy to external work is about

5%. correct incorrect

10%. correct incorrect

30%. correct incorrect

75%. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Animals use absorbed chemical energy for

exported chemical energy, fecal energy, heat, and mechanical energy of external work. correct incorrect

exported chemical energy and mechanical energy of external work only. correct incorrect

heat and mechanical energy of external work only. correct incorrect

exported chemical energy, heat, and mechanical energy of external work. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Consider a lactating animal that eats three times as much food as one that is not lactating. The lactating animal does not grow, deposit fat, or markedly increase her metabolic rate. The extra ingested energy was

saved, by reduced physical activity. correct incorrect

exported, in the form of milk. correct incorrect

lost by the animal's increased surface area. correct incorrect

turned to catabolized lipids for energy. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Imagine your physiology class has 100 students. It is winter and the heat has failed in the classroom, but you are not worried because 100 sitting students produce heat at the rate of about

10 W. correct incorrect

1000 W. correct incorrect

10 kW. correct incorrect

100 kW. correct incorrect

* not completed

. During vigorous exercise at high altitude, which substrate would be best for an animal to use if it needed to get the most energy production per unit of O₂?

Carbohydrate correct incorrect

Lipid correct incorrect

Protein
e. Carbohydrate and lipid are equal and both are better than protein. correct incorrect

* not completed

. The respiratory exchange ratio is

CO₂ production/O₂ consumption per unit of time, measured at the gas exchange organ. correct incorrect

O₂ consumption/CO₂ production per unit of time, measured at the gas exchange organ. correct incorrect

CO₂ production/O₂ consumption per unit of time, measured at the level of the cells. correct incorrect

O₂ consumption/CO₂ production per unit of time, measured at the level of the cells. correct incorrect

* not completed

. With respect to the energy yield from the combustion of a carbohydrate in a bomb calorimeter and the oxidation of the same quantity of carbohydrate in an animal,

less energy would be measured in the calorimeter. correct incorrect

more energy would be measured in the calorimeter. correct incorrect

biochemical inefficiencies in an animal would lead to more heat production and less work. correct incorrect

the amount of energy measured would be equal in both cases. correct incorrect

* not completed

. _______ is the most common measure of metabolic rate.

Rate of CO₂ production correct incorrect

Rate of O₂ consumption correct incorrect

Rate of heat production correct incorrect

Ingested energy minus fecal energy correct incorrect

* not completed

. SDA tends to be _______ for meals high in _______.

lower; lipids correct incorrect

lower; protein correct incorrect

higher; lipids correct incorrect

higher; protein correct incorrect

* not completed

. Suppose you feed a snake a large meal and then monitor the increase in its metabolic rate after eating until the rate returns back to the fasting value. How would you quantify the magnitude of the SDA?

Measure the metabolic rate exactly 1 hour after the meal correct incorrect

Measure the highest metabolic rate before the metabolic rate returns to the fasting level correct incorrect

Measure fasting CO₂ production and add O₂ consumption after eating correct incorrect

Measure the cumulative increase in metabolic rate above the fasting level correct incorrect

* not completed

. Carbohydrates can be fully oxidized by animals but proteins cannot. Consequently, some of the energy from _______ must always be _______.

proteins; exported as chemical energy correct incorrect

carbohydrates; exported as chemical energy correct incorrect

proteins; used for external work correct incorrect

carbohydrates; used for external work correct incorrect

* not completed

. In homeotherms the resting metabolic rate of a fasting animal is the _______ and in poikilotherms the equivalent term is the _______.

standard metabolic rate; basal metabolic rate correct incorrect

basal metabolic rate; standard metabolic rate correct incorrect

specific dynamic action; calorigenic effect of feeding correct incorrect

routine metabolic rate; standard metabolic rate correct incorrect

* not completed

. Suppose you are trying to heat a barn using the heat from your livestock. The most total heat would be produced by _______ animal(s) that weigh _______.

1000; 1 kg each correct incorrect

100; 10 kg each correct incorrect

10; 100 kg each correct incorrect

2; 504 kg each correct incorrect

* not completed

. Small mammals need more O₂ per gram of body weight than large mammals do. Compared to large mammals, small mammals have_______ mass-specific lung size and breathe _______ times per minute.

larger; more correct incorrect

similar; more correct incorrect

smaller; more correct incorrect

larger; fewer correct incorrect

* not completed

. Compared to small mammals, large mammals tend to

produce more heat per unit of body weight. correct incorrect

have a larger surface area per unit of body weight. correct incorrect

lose heat less rapidly per unit of body weight. correct incorrect

have a smaller volume per unit body weight correct incorrect

* not completed

. One of the first anatomically accurate descriptions of the human circulatory system came from

Galileo. correct incorrect

Rembrandt. correct incorrect

Vesalius. correct incorrect

Rubner. correct incorrect

* not completed

. While the exponent for the metabolic rate to body weight relationship was originally the source of some controversy, there is now

strong agreement that the universal scaling exponent is two-thirds. correct incorrect

strong agreement that the universal scaling exponent is three-quarters. correct incorrect

general recognition that no single scaling exponent applies across all animals. correct incorrect

general recognition that the exponent depends on lung volume. correct incorrect

* not completed

. The common currency of life is

heat. correct incorrect

carbon dioxide. correct incorrect

energy. correct incorrect

oxygen. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Suppose you eat five tangerines for lunch. On average, the energy from _______ would end up being used by your brain.

one correct incorrect

two correct incorrect

three correct incorrect

four correct incorrect