Chapter 6 Quiz

. In humans, which organ is responsible for the production of lactase?

Stomach

Small intestine

Pancreas

Liver

. Five students participate in a new reality TV show. Their only food for a week is bread and milk. The _______ student is most likely to make it through the week without gastrointestinal distress.

African-American

Chinese-American

Italian

Danish

. Proteins are important for all except

regulating biochemical reactions.

storing genetic information.

determining structural properties of tissues.

transporting oxygen.

. Saturated fatty acids are generally bad for human health. Based on the standard symbols describing fatty acids, which fatty acid is probably most detrimental?

16.0

18.1

18.3

22.6

. Flying is energetically expensive, and the energetic cost of flying increases with increasing weight. For a bird flying across the Gulf of Mexico, which substance would be the most efficient energy storage compound?

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Essential amino acids

. Which type of chemical compound contains common molecules that many animals cannot digest?

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Fatty acids

. Compared to zebras, wildebeests have an exceptionally blunt muzzle and a wide row of incisors. This makes them more effective than zebras at feeding on

short grasses.

shrubs.

sedges.

grasshoppers found on grass leaves.

. In clupeid fish with specialized gill rakers, as ingested water moves from the mouth toward the throat, the

gill rakers function like a sieve.

concentration of food particles increases.

food particles are concentrated by water flowing in from the gill.

baleen captures the suspended food.

. Coral bleaching refers to

loss of algal symbionts along with chlorophyll and other algal pigments.

treatment of corals reefs with bleach to kill parasites.

conversion of algal symbionts from photosynthesis to chemosynthesis.

loss of external coral coloration when coral is eaten by reef fish.

. In hydrothermal vent communities, a major source of energy is

sunlight.

oxidation of H₂S to SO₄²^–.

calcium carbonate.

phosphates.

. You are asked to identify the gut microbes contributing to the three major enterotypes in humans. Which of the following would be the best way to accomplish this?

Sequence the proteins from a collective sample of the gut.

Sequence the DNA from a collective sample of the gut.

Electron microscopy

Direct culture of the microbes

. The largest stomach chamber of a cow is the

cecum.

abomasum.

omasum.

rumen.

. Without symbioses, _______ can intrinsically produce the enzymes necessary to digest cellulose.

Some ruminants

All invertebrates

Some invertebrates

All termites

. In vertebrates, the principal site of absorption is the

foregut.

biliary system.

hindgut.

midgut.

. Which structure plays a crucial role in emulsifying lipids?

Pancreas

Foregut

Midgut

Biliary system

. Which animal is most different from the others in terms of how food is moved through the digestive system?

Baleen whales

Crustacean

Oyster

Insects

. Suppose an animal is fed a diet in which the only carbohydrate is glycogen. All of the animal's enzymes for digesting carbohydrates are disaccharidases. What percentage of the glycogen can it digest?

0%

50%

80–90%

100%

. Inward diffusion of _______ drives the cotransport of glucose and galactose across the apical membrane of epithelial cells in the vertebrate midgut.

ATP

K⁺

Na⁺

H₂O

. The transport of nutrients across the gut epithelium that relies on metabolically generated electrochemical gradients of inorganic ions is called

secondary active transport.

electrochemical drive.

facilitated diffusion.

facilitated active transport.

. Lipids are solubilized in the gut lumen by

chylomicrons.

micelles.

bile salts.

GLUT2.

Chapter 6 Quiz

Quiz Content