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Chapter 4 Quiz
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Chapter 4 Quiz
Quiz Content
*
not completed
.
Which source contributes to the oxygen stores of the Australian sea lion?
O
2
in the lungs
correct
incorrect
O
2
attached to blood hemoglobin and muscle myoglobin
correct
incorrect
O
2
attached to blood hemoglobin and O
2
in the lungs
correct
incorrect
O
2
in the lungs and O
2
attached to blood hemoglobin and muscle myoglobin
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which statement regarding oxygen storage ability in Australian sea lions (aged 6 months to adult) is most accurate?
By the time they have reached adulthood, sea lions have increased their lung capacity per gram 4-fold.
correct
incorrect
By the time they have reached adulthood, the amount of O
2
that can be stored per gram of tissue has tripled.
correct
incorrect
By the time they have reached adulthood, their muscle myoglobin has a significantly higher affinity for O
2.
correct
incorrect
By the time they have reached adulthood, sea lions more than double their concentration of hemoglobin per unit of blood volume.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
_______ is the study of how animals function through all the successive stages of growth.
Developmental physiology
correct
incorrect
Ecology
correct
incorrect
Physiology
correct
incorrect
Developmental ontogeny
correct
incorrect
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not completed
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The physiology of very young animals _______ differs from that of adults.
always
correct
incorrect
sometimes
correct
incorrect
seldom
correct
incorrect
never
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Compared to rats, humans have
a brain that uses much less energy per gram.
correct
incorrect
faster reproductive development.
correct
incorrect
a smaller brain to body ratio as infants.
correct
incorrect
faster brain development relative to their reproductive age.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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Which statement regarding white-footed mouse development is true?
At birth, white-footed mice have full thermoregulatory capacity.
correct
incorrect
White-footed mice are born with fur.
correct
incorrect
Metabolic rate increases dramatically during the nestling period.
correct
incorrect
The lowest temperature at which isolated individuals can thermoregulate increases after birth.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
During early development in the killifish (8 days old), what is responsible for osmoregulation in seawater?
Osmolytes
correct
incorrect
Kidneys
correct
incorrect
Chloride cells
correct
incorrect
Gills
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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The ability of an animal (with a fixed genotype) to express two or more genetically controlled phenotypes is called
developmental physiology.
correct
incorrect
phenotypic plasticity.
correct
incorrect
genotypic plasticity.
correct
incorrect
genotype-environment interaction.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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How does the environment affect growth in children?
Environmental challenges tend to enhance growth.
correct
incorrect
Environment has very little effect on growth.
correct
incorrect
Environment tends to affect only humans of certain ethnic backgrounds.
correct
incorrect
Environmental stresses tend to impair growth.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the developmental relationship between marine periwinkle snails and crabs?
Marine periwinkles develop thicker shells in waters with crabs present.
correct
incorrect
Marine periwinkles develop faster and become larger in waters with crabs present.
correct
incorrect
Crabs migrate during the development of marine periwinkles.
correct
incorrect
Crabs sense developmental byproducts of marine periwinkles and avoid them.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Low _______ diets during postnatal development _______ affect spatial learning in rats.
caloric; permanently
correct
incorrect
protein; permanently
correct
incorrect
protein; temporarily
correct
incorrect
caloric; temporarily
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
_______ is a phenomenon in which genetically identical individuals can assume two or more distinct body forms, induced by differences in the environment.
Environmental plasticity
correct
incorrect
Developmental plasticity
correct
incorrect
Polyphenic development
correct
incorrect
Phenotypic polyphenism
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which cue is responsible for producing the two phenotypes in the western white butterfly?
Temperature
correct
incorrect
Day length
correct
incorrect
Predator density
correct
incorrect
Both temperature and day length
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the proposed advantage to locusts adopting the gregarious phenotype?
Gregarious locusts have a greater chance of finding mates.
correct
incorrect
Gregarious locusts have a greater chance of cryptic avoidance of predators.
correct
incorrect
Gregarious locusts have the advantage of safety in numbers.
correct
incorrect
The voracious behavior of swarms enables locusts in a swarm to collect large quantities of food.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Epigenetics refers to
modifications of gene expression (with changes in DNA sequence) that are transmitted when genes replicate.
correct
incorrect
modifications of gene expression (with no change in DNA sequence) that are transmitted when genes replicate.
correct
incorrect
modifications in genotype during recombination.
correct
incorrect
genetic code changes that alter gene expression in the subsequent generation.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
In some forms of epigenetic modification, when a gene is "marked," its
expression is permanently altered.
correct
incorrect
expression is semi-permanently altered.
correct
incorrect
genetic code is permanently modified.
correct
incorrect
genetic code is temporarily modified.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
The major mechanism(s) of epigenetic marking is(are)
DNA methylation.
correct
incorrect
covalent modification of histones.
correct
incorrect
DNA methylation and base pair substitution.
correct
incorrect
DNA methylation and covalent modification of histones.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
The Dutch Hunger Winter study correlated _______ with subsequent _______.
malnutrition; epigenetic marking
correct
incorrect
malnutrition; reduced reproductive output
correct
incorrect
hunger; reduced fitness
correct
incorrect
malnutrition; lung disease
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
When all of the epigenetic marks in a cell or tissue are described together as a set, this global summary of marks is termed the
epigenome.
correct
incorrect
methylome.
correct
incorrect
genome.
correct
incorrect
mark set.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which situation has been shown to demonstrate epigenetic marking?
Birds learning the North Star.
correct
incorrect
Marine molluscs forming thicker shells in the presence of predators.
correct
incorrect
Honeybees fed royal jelly to produce a queen.
correct
incorrect
Children not reaching their full potential height due to lack of nutrients.
correct
incorrect
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