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Chapter 3 Quiz
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Chapter 3 Quiz
Quiz Content
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Icefish were once commonly called "bloodless fish" because of
their ability to tolerate freezing.
correct
incorrect
the fact that their blood is clear.
correct
incorrect
their ability to tolerate the coldest aquatic temperatures on Earth.
correct
incorrect
the fact that they have no blood.
correct
incorrect
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One unique feature of the icefish is that they
regularly inhabit water temperatures of –4.9° C.
correct
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are the only vertebrates that do not have red blood cells as adults.
correct
incorrect
are the only vertebrates that do not have blood as adults.
correct
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are the only vertebrates that can tolerate freezing.
correct
incorrect
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Which statement about icefish is true?
They have only the two β-globin subunits in their hemoglobin.
correct
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They have no red blood cells but do have circulating hemoglobin.
correct
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They do not have hemoglobin.
correct
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They have four subunits of α-globin.
correct
incorrect
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When researchers analyzed the DNA of icefish, they found that the
β-globin gene was completely gone and the α-globin gene was missing parts.
correct
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genetic material coding for Hb was identical to that of all other fish.
correct
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genes coding for both α and β subunits were modified such that they could not form functional Hb.
correct
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α-globin gene was completely gone and the β-globin gene was dysfunctional.
correct
incorrect
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The hearts of icefish
do not have myoglobin.
correct
incorrect
have myoglobin, but the globin has a slightly different protein conformation compared to that of other fish.
correct
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have myoglobin just as other fish do.
correct
incorrect
can have myoglobin or not, depending on the species.
correct
incorrect
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Which statement regarding icefish evolution is true?
Only icefish share an ancestor containing genes that code for antifreeze proteins.
correct
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Only icefish share an ancestor that lost the function of globin genes.
correct
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The loss of functional globin genes occurred multiple times during the evolution of icefish.
correct
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The evolution of antifreeze proteins occurred multiple times during the evolution of icefish.
correct
incorrect
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Compared to red-blooded fish of the same size, icefish have
larger hearts.
correct
incorrect
a higher rate of blood circulation.
correct
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a higher metabolic rate and larger hearts.
correct
incorrect
larger hearts and a higher circulation rate.
correct
incorrect
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Genome sequencing is a technique in which
the DNA sequence of the entire genome of a species is determined.
correct
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the DNA sequence of some portion of the genome of a species is determined.
correct
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the DNA sequence of the entire genome of a group of species is determined.
correct
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a gene family of a species is sequenced.
correct
incorrect
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The process of adding human interpretation to computer-generated genetic comparisons is called
annotation.
correct
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high-throughput.
correct
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bioinformatics.
correct
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gene family identity.
correct
incorrect
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The overarching goal of genomics is to elucidate the _______ of genes and genomes.
evolution
correct
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current function
correct
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current function and expression patterns
correct
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evolution and current function
correct
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The set of genes that encode for vertebrate globin proteins can be termed a
genotype.
correct
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gene family.
correct
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genome.
correct
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proteome.
correct
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Which observation resulted from the sea urchin gene family analysis?
Genes that code for gap-junction proteins are present.
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Genes that code for the enzymatic synthesis of adrenaline are present.
correct
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Genes that code for cytochrome P450 detoxification enzymes are extraordinarily rare.
correct
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Genes that code for skeleton mineralization are very similar to those found in vertebrates.
correct
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Which sequence of analysis represents the top-down order of study?
Animal function → tissue-specific proteins → tissue function → genes
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Genes → tissue function → tissue-specific proteins → animal function
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Animal function → tissue function → tissue-specific proteins → genes
correct
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Genes → tissue-specific proteins → tissue function → animal function
correct
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A comparison of the proteins produced in an animal's muscle tissue before and after exercise is an example of
transcription cDNA profiling.
correct
incorrect
a top-down study.
correct
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a screening study.
correct
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a postgenomic study.
correct
incorrect
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The study of which genes are being transcribed to make messenger RNA and the rates at which they are transcribed is called
transcriptomics.
correct
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genomics.
correct
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proteomics.
correct
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mRNA profiling.
correct
incorrect
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In one study, researchers found that after 4–8 hours after exercise the mRNAs of _______ genes were found to have increased.
stress-response
correct
incorrect
insulin
correct
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mitochondrial enzyme
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myosin ATPase
correct
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Which technique is
not
used in a standard DNA microarray?
mRNA extraction
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Hybridization of each mRNA with the DNA spot representing its specific gene
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Fluor-labeled mRNA
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Labeling of DNA by reverse transcription
correct
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An experimental manipulation in which animals come to lack functional copies of a gene is called
RNA interference.
correct
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a transcription block.
correct
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gene knockout.
correct
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DNA denaturation.
correct
incorrect
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Which statement regarding proteomics is
false
?
It is the study of proteins synthesized by cells and tissues.
correct
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It is a branch of the study of the biochemical phenotype.
correct
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A reason for the study of proteomics is that the proteins coded by many genes are unknown.
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The study of proteomics is based on the assumption that protein concentrations can be correlated to mRNA synthesis.
correct
incorrect
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The study of all of the organic compounds in cells and tissues other than macromolecules coded by the genome is called
organomics.
correct
incorrect
metabolomics.
correct
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physiomics.
correct
incorrect
proteomics.
correct
incorrect
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