Chapter 27 Quiz

. A blue crab must molt about ______ times over the course of its life.

20

25

30

35

. Comparatively speaking, in what body compartment is water found in the lowest quantity?

Interstitial fluid

Extracellular fluid

Cytoplasm

Plasma

. A person who has 42 kg in water weight will have a total body weight of _______ kg.

42

60

70

80

. Typically, if the interstitial osmolarity is 400 mOsm, then blood osmolarity will be _______ mOsm.

200

300

400

600

. If ambient osmotic pressure increases, and an animal's blood osmotic pressure increases at the same rate, the animal is a

regulator.

conformer.

migrator.

Insufficient information is provided to classify the animal.

. If you conduct an experiment in which you submerge shrimp in an environment where the ambient osmotic pressure keeps increasing, the blood osmotic pressure of the shrimp will

increase.

decrease.

increase first and then decrease.

not change.

. The matching of ionic concentration in the blood plasma to the ionic concentration of the external environment is known as

ionic conformity.

ionic regulation.

volume regulation.

volume conformity.

. The salinity of freshwater is less than _______ g/kg.

2

1.5

1

0.5

. As the difference in partial pressure increases across two solutions, the rate of evaporation

stays the same.

increases first slightly and then increases significantly.

decreases.

increases.

. Consider two animals with different body temperatures: Animal A has a body temperature of 25°C and animal B has a body temperature of 30°C. Which of the two animals would exhale more water vapor?

Animal A, because cooler air holds more water vapor.

Animal B, because warmer air holds more water vapor.

Both animals would exhale the same amount of water vapor.

Animal B, because the air it inhales has more vapor pressure.

. Refer to the formula below. With regard to terrestrial animals, the rate of evaporation, J, will increase if the proportionality factor, K,

J = K \frac{W V P_{s} - W V P_{a}}{X}

increases.

decreases.

does not change in value.

There is no relationship between the distance of a solution from air and the rate of evaporation.

. Assuming humidity is the only factor that affects evaporation, which animal will have the highest rate of dehydration?

A mammal in a hot desert with a core temperature of 37°C

A mammal in a cold desert with a core temperature of 35°C

A mammal in a hot desert with a core temperature of 40°C

Mammals have the same rate of evaporation regardless of core temperature.

. When an animal loses water by evaporation, osmotic pressure in the blood

decreases.

does not change.

increases.

There is no correlation between evaporation and osmotic pressure.

. Which organ plays the most important role in regulating blood composition?

Liver

Spleen

Small intestine

Kidneys

. Urine that is hyperosmotic contains a

large amount of water.

normal amount of water.

small amount of water.

large amount of solutes and waste product.

. An ionic U/P ratio that is less than 1 indicates that the urine

contains more sodium compared to the plasma.

contains less sodium compared to the plasma.

contains an equal amount of sodium relative to the plasma.

appears to contain more sodium compared to the plasma; however, the concentrations are equal.

. The amount of water formed per 1 gram of carbohydrates metabolized is _______ g.

0.40

0.50

0.56

1.07

. When blood cells are submerged in a hypotonic solution they will

expand.

decrease in volume.

maintain the same volume.

shrivel.

. Which ion is the principal solute used to regulate cell-volume in mammals?

Sodium

Potassium

Calcium

Protons

. Which compound does not tend to stabilize enzymes in cells?

Betaine

Trimethylamine oxide

Glycine

Urea

Chapter 27 Quiz

Quiz Content