Chapter 29 Self-grading Quizzes

Humanitarian Assistance and Intervention
. Humanitarian assistance is defined in terms of all of the following specifications except ________.

. Michael Barnett, in his "Empire of Humanity: A History of Humanitarianism" (2011), identifies all of the following as major periods in the history of the field except ________.

. In addition to the Red Cross, many other humanitarian organizations were created in the early twentieth century, including ________.

. The ________ set out a blueprint for the "rules of war" and include provisions for the humane treatment of those affected by war, both combatants and civilians.

. The age of liberal humanitarianism reflects all of the following except ________.

. Wilsonian organizations recognize that humanitarian assistance ________.

. The five largest NGOs accounted for________ of all humanitarian expenditure in 2013.

. Today, most humanitarian organizations ________.

. Organizations seen as not interfering in a conflict, or not criticizing the political aspects of the affected country's government response, are more likely to be allowed to continue to work in ________.

. When disaster strikes, the first responsibility to respond rests with ________.

. The ________ is NOT among the UN specialized agencies providing humanitarian assistance.

. Much of the history of humanitarian action has been told through the prism of the experience of ________.

. ________ is NOT a member of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD.

. Resilience is something that ________ may have, although in the humanitarian context the focus is on building, drawing upon, and protecting the resilience of those who are most affected by crisis.

. In situations of protracted crisis, humanitarian aid may take the place of ________ activity that has been disrupted.

. The historical origin of humanitarianism is thought to be___________.

. Michael Barnett classifies three major periods in the history of humanitarianism as ___________.

. The age of imperial humanitarianism ends in _____________.

. Imperial humanitarianism was based on _________________.

. Many of the first humanitarians were _____________.

. Swiss businessman Henri Dunant established the Permanent International Committee for the Relief of Wounded Soldiers in ____________.

. The Permanent International Committee for the Relief of Wounded Soldiers became __________.

. The principles of impartiality were central to ___________.

. The origins of the International Committee of the Red Cross can be traced back to ________.

. At the beginning, the ICRC focused on the need of ____________.

. Humanitarian assistance is typically long-term, although it can be designed for short-term purposes as well.

. The ICRC responds to the needs of both combatants and civilians, but at first the focus of this work was on responding to the needs of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war.

. In 1921, the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies was founded to provide support to those affected by natural disasters, effectively creating what has come to be known as the Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement.

. Most NGOs attempted to stake a claim to being extremely political.

. The years between the world wars saw a rapid transformation of the humanitarian landscape.

. The CNN effect is a term used to explain broadcasting of humanitarian emergencies onto television screens.

. Oxfam is an example of organizations, believing humanitarian work should be aligned with human rights and democratization

. Examples of Dunantist organizations include Oxfam, Concern Worldwide, and in some cases Médecins Sans Frontières.

. The faith-based organizations that operate out of solidarity with a particular group or political movement have not received recognition of their role in the humanitarian works.

. While some NGOs rely heavily on private donations, others receive their funds from governments.

. In today's humanitarian works, being neutral does not necessarily mean that one is committed to impartiality.

. Eastern Zaire is a prime example of the difficult, some say impossible, choices that humanitarian actors sometimes have to make.

. Cluster stands for the UN agencies directing the sectoral responses to humanitarian situations.

. Humanitarian early warning and response mechanisms are always effective.

. The absolute control over humanitarian affairs by Western actors and interests, which has been the hallmark of most modern humanitarian action, is beginning to change.

. Humanitarian workers are expected to bring more sophisticated technical skills, managerial capabilities, and cultural and political sensitivity and analytic abilities to their work.

. Humanitarian organizations can be divided into Dunantist and Wilsonian organizations.

. Dunantist organizations recognize that humanitarian assistance is inherently political.

. Wilsonian organizations are named with reference to US President Woodrow Wilson.

. Wilsonian actors align with humanitarian principles of neutrality and impartiality.

. Dunantist organizations are often closely tied to governments.

. Today the field of humanitarianism is far from being a multi-billion dollar industry.

. The ICRC—the classic Dunantist organization—is a unique kind of NGO in that it is the only non-governmental body with an explicit mandate to provide relief to victims of war.

. Much of the ICRC's funding does not come from governments.

. In 1965, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement excluded the principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality, independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.

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