* not completed

. The term "structural violence" refers to ________.

a) extreme systemic inequality correct incorrect

b) physical violence between two individuals correct incorrect

c) caused by ethnic-cultural hostilities correct incorrect

d) physical violence perpetuated by one ethnic group on another correct incorrect

e) the types of governance institutions that lead to conflict and violence correct incorrect

* not completed

. The liberal theory of violence sees violence as ________.

a) a necessary stage in any countries development correct incorrect

b) an aberration which can be overcome through development correct incorrect

c) the method by which restrictive governance structures are overcome correct incorrect

d) the product of market forces undermining social service provision correct incorrect

e) an avoidable phenomenon caused by neoliberalism correct incorrect

* not completed

. Karl Marx and Max Weber were classical scholars who ________.

a) used statistical analysis to understand the relationship of conflict and development correct incorrect

b) sought to explain conflict with a rational choice approach correct incorrect

c) believed conflict was necessary for political revolution correct incorrect

d) used the "grand narrative" approach correct incorrect

e) argued that violence is a natural phenomenon in human history correct incorrect

* not completed

. Modernization theory assumed that as societies made the transition to modernity, ________.

a) identities related to clan group would become less important and be submerged by a higher national correct incorrect

identity correct incorrect

b) this would result in stability and reduced conflict correct incorrect

c) clan and group identities would become even more important correct incorrect

d) they would be prone to produce violent conflict correct incorrect

e) they would be dependent on armed enforcement of peace correct incorrect

* not completed

. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have prompted a shift in thinking about peace-building programs ________.

a) toward restorative justice correct incorrect

b) toward short-term stabilization correct incorrect

c) toward a conflict-resolution model for a long term period correct incorrect

d) toward transformation and development correct incorrect

e) toward emphasis on formal systems of justice correct incorrect

* not completed

. The "Arab Spring" demonstrated that attempted transitions to more democratic politics can ________.

a) produce ethnic reconciliation and a strong national solidarity correct incorrect

b) be extremely destabilizing correct incorrect

c) accounts for a durable peace in the region correct incorrect

d) all of the above correct incorrect

e) none of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. The UN's peace-building approach is rooted in ________.

a) dependency theory correct incorrect

b) the balance of power among superpowers correct incorrect

c) western liberalism correct incorrect

d) political economy of violence theory correct incorrect

e) alternative models of development correct incorrect

* not completed

. Paul Collier provided evidence in a 2003 World Bank report that a significant factor in contemporary civil wars was ________.

a) economic inequality correct incorrect

b) overall economic growth rates correct incorrect

c) stagflation correct incorrect

d) levels of poverty correct incorrect

e) racial conflict correct incorrect

* not completed

. Within political science, one approach to the study of war in relation to development is to treat war as ________.

a) a process that significantly transforms power relations and resource control correct incorrect

b) a period of "nothingness" correct incorrect

c) a discrete event correct incorrect

d) violence and development as mutually dependent correct incorrect

e) none of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. The civil war in Sierra Leone ________.

a) was driven exclusively by greed for "conflict diamonds" correct incorrect

b) was rooted in residents' experience of deteriorating living conditions correct incorrect

c) was caused by the conflict of interest among the countries of the region correct incorrect

d) created an entirely new national economy than that of peace time correct incorrect

e) would not have occurred without the presence of lucrative diamond fields correct incorrect

* not completed

. In "Capital," Marx described the process of primitive accumulation that entailed ________.

a) conquest correct incorrect

b) enslavement and robbery correct incorrect

c) murder and briefly force correct incorrect

d) all of the above correct incorrect

e) none of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. War has long been considered a unique category of conflict. War ________.

a) signals extraordinary violence correct incorrect

b) is a discrete event correct incorrect

c) is historical and sociological correct incorrect

d) both A and B correct incorrect

e) all of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. Prosperous burghers, Kant believed, would not want to ________.

a) pay taxes to cover the expenses of war correct incorrect

b) send their sons into battle or pay for the national debt incurred by war correct incorrect

c) launch war because it is not moral correct incorrect

d) go to war because it is costly correct incorrect

e) hesitant as to whether go to war or not correct incorrect

* not completed

. Most of "proxy wars" during the Cold War took place in ________.

a) Africa correct incorrect

b) Latin America correct incorrect

c) Africa and Latin America correct incorrect

d) Asia and Africa correct incorrect

e) Within the countries everywhere correct incorrect

* not completed

. To many analysts, the conflicts in the Balkans and the former Soviet Union were triggered by the collapse of Cold War constraints that previously ________.

a) had kept ethnic animosities in check correct incorrect

b) had kept the balance between regional powers correct incorrect

c) could totally resolve the ethics issues correct incorrect

d) managed nationals under the leadership of the UN correct incorrect

e) controlled ethics issue by the peace-keeping forces of the UN correct incorrect

* not completed

. The concept of a "conflict trap" is grounded in poststructuralist theory.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The approach to development and conflict that strives to understand the process historically is called the grand narrative approach.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Peace-building efforts by the UN are highly standardized.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The UN in 2012 set up an "intervention brigade" tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize armed groups that threatened state authority and civilian security.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The term "structural violence" denotes guerrilla attacks against infrastructure.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. According to the "democratic peace" theory, economic development promotes peace and democracy.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The democratic peace theory was inspired by Hegel's text, "The Spirit of Peace."

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The "social transformation" perspective argues that violence is internal to development.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The "Coinistas" held that the key to winning the population was avoiding large civilian casualties, establishing "good governance" in the form of representative government, providing basic social services, and supporting development.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. In ideological terms, political and economic liberalism was the dominant paradigm in the post-Cold War world.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. For Marx, violence is not an element in social change.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The political economy of war belongs to a tradition that sees violence as intertwined with development.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The premise of the standard peace-building package was an expanded version of what was referred to earlier as the "democratic peace."

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. If we understand conflict as part of development, we can more readily recognize conflict as part of the history of nations that today are "developed."

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Within political science, one approach to the study of war in relation to development is to treat war as a procedural event.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect