Introduction to International Development, Practice Quiz: Chapter 08

. Bilateral aid ________.

a) is provided by international institutions like the World Bank

b) is provided by NGOs operating in developing countries

c) involves private, commercial bank loans

d) is provided directly to the government of a developing country by the government of an industrialized country

e) all of the above

. ________ is NOT a criterion under the definition of" official development assistance"?

a) The promotion of economic development and welfare of developing countries as the main objective

b) Ecological sustainability in the recipient countries as the main objective

c) A grant element of at least 25 per cent

d) That aid be concessional in nature

e) All of the above are criteria of "fficial development assistance."

. "Tied aid" is defined as ________.

a) a manifestation of the principle that the donor's economy should benefit from the aid it provides

b) foreign aid that is held up because of cross-border bureaucracy

c) foreign aid that is guaranteed to produce measurable results or it will be returned to the donor country

d) foreign aid that must be used to purchase goods and services in the country that is receiving the aid

e) foreign aid that is concealed from its recipient

. Recent controversies over official development assistance have NOT been concerned with ________.

a) the inclusion of the cost of resettling refugees as ODA

b) counting the full value of debt cancellation as ODA

c) development as a goal

d) the blurring of development and military matters

e) Recent controversies have been concerned with all of the above.

. China has recently gained attention for the foreign aid it is providing to ________.

a) Latin America

b) Micronesia

c) Africa

d) Taiwan

e) Brazil

. ________ of global ODA is provided by members of the Development Assistance Committee.

a) 55-65 per cent

b) 60-65 per cent

c) 75-85 per cent

d) 85-90 per cent

e) 90-92 per cent

. The period of "aid fatigue" was ________.

a) 1951-1957

b) 1961-1967

c) 1981-1987

d) 1991-1997

e) 2001-2007

. ________ provided the highest amount of official development assistance in absolute terms in 2008.

a) Canada

b) The United States

c) Australia

d) Sweden

e) Germany

. ________ is one of the least generous aid donors in relative terms.

a) Canada

b) The United States

c) Australia

d) Sweden

e) Germany

. ________ was the largest official development assistance recipient in 2013.

a) Egypt

b) Nigeria

c) Afghanistan

d) Ethiopia

e) India

. To qualify as ODA, funding must be provided by ________.

a) citizens

b) non-government organizations

c) governments

d) various countries

e) all of the above

. Foreign aid can be spent in all of the following ways except ________.

a) training and building of local capacity

b) promoting social services, including education and health care

c) promoting private investment

d) promoting the building of infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, dams, railways, and airports

e) promoting agriculture, including the adoption of new crop techniques

. Results-based management is effective for measuring ________.

a) independence of the judiciary

b) good governance

c) rule of law

d) all of the above

e) none of the above

. A long-standing debate in foreign aid is ________.

a) whether the focus of assistance should be primarily on fighting poverty

b) whether the focus of assistance should be on promoting economic growth

c) improving democracy in the recipient countries

d) encouraging the receiving countries to vote in support of the donor countries in the UN

e) both A and B

. Uniting around one single development strategy carries the following risks: ________.

a) it could be described as "putting all the aid eggs in one basket"

b) it places a tremendous amount of power in the planning and administrative capabilities of the recipient government, ignoring problems of lack of capacity or corruption

c) It assumes that the government has consulted its population

d) both A and B

e) all of the above

. The term "foreign aid" is often used interchangeably with the term "official development assistance."

a) True

b) False

. Funds from non-governmental organizations are included in the category of official development assistance.

a) True

b) False

. Most countries that provide foreign aid belong to the Development Assistance Committee.

a) True

b) False

. Some developing countries have their own donor programs.

a) True

b) False

. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) channels US foreign aid to countries that meet certain criteria involving the presence of free market, democracy, and good governance.

a) True

b) False

. Asia receives more foreign aid than any other region.

a) True

b) False

. Most of the increase in ODA since 2000 has been due to debt cancellations and aid to Iraq and Afghanistan.

a) True

b) False

. Russia qualifies as ODA.

a) True

b) False

. The top recipients of aid are also the most dependent on aid.

a) True

b) False

. Results-based management seeks to improve aid effectiveness by requiring measurable and verifiable results of aid.

a) True

b) False

. Aid can be provided by governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, private foundations, and individuals. To count as foreign aid, or official development assistance, it must have as its main goal the promotion of well-being in developing countries.

a) True

b) False

. Critics agree that the definition of ODA must be extended to the militarization or securitization of aid.

a) True

b) False

. Government officials believe that aid is primarily a means to pursue other foreign policy objectives, including diplomatic, commercial, and security interests.

a) True

b) False

. The United States the world's largest aid donor.

a) True

b) False

. The top recipients of foreign aid are often determined based on a five-year period without the consideration of international politics.

a) True

b) False

Introduction to International Development, Practice Quiz: Chapter 08

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