Chapter 13 Web Links

http://www.qualres.org/HomeObse-3594.html
This page provides a definition of observation, discusses in which contexts it might be used, methods of data collection, and the potential benefits of ethnography. It also gives a useful list of references on ethnographic research.

https://anthropod.net/2013/08/14/a-template-for-writing-fieldnotes/
A former PhD student in cultural anthropology who conducted fieldwork in India and Papua New Guinea shares her template for writing field notes on her blog.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nV0jY5VgymI
In this engaging TEDx talk, Ellen Isaacs discusses the uses of ethnography in business by recounting how technology was made accessible and user-friendly through the use of ethnographic research methods.

http://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/fieldnotes
This page by the University of Southern California Library discusses how to write field notes. After giving a definition of field notes, the page summarizes key characteristics and principles to be followed when writing up our descriptions and reflections.

https://orgtheory.wordpress.com/2009/09/25/conducting-ethnographic-research/
This blog post offers a list of useful references on ethnographic research that would be useful to any politics and IR student interested in knowing more about this methodology and applying it to their research.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKdSBULiYms
Quite often, the best way of learning how to do something is watching someone doing it. In this video, a post-doc researcher from the School of Oriental and African Studies conducts an ethnographic interview on trends in anthropological research with a Professor from the SOAS faculty.

https://thevisualcommunicationguy.com/2018/01/30/how-to-do-ethnography-research/

This article sets out key steps in ethnographic research and gives guidance on when ethnography is likely to be most useful for your research. Ethnography is very iterative—these steps will not follow a linear process, and your ethnographic research may not include all the steps listed here or may include methods not discussed here. However, this is still a useful starting point to get you thinking about planning your own research and reflecting on next steps throughout the research process.

https://www.methods.manchester.ac.uk/themes/ethnographic-methods/ethnography-in-sociology/

An introduction to ethnographic research in sociology from Methods at the University of Manchester, which includes examples of research.

https://www.thoughtco.com/participant-observation-research-3026557

This article gives an overview of participant observation and its strengths and weaknesses, including discussion of objectivity, and links to examples.

http://infed.org/mobi/participant-observation-a-guide-for-educators-and-social-practitioners/

A detailed guide to participant observation drawing on academic literature. This includes consideration of the different roles the researcher can take, obtaining access to research sites, and relationships in the field.

https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/research/guides/methods/ethnographic.htm

This guide provides an introduction to ethnographic research and participant observation.

https://www.spotless.co.uk/insights/ethnography-when-and-how/

This guide on when and how to use ethnographic research includes useful discussion of the potential risks involved for researchers and participants, as well as broader summaries of the strengths and weaknesses of ethnography.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6lIzz3DlEWQ

A useful video overview of what ethnography is, what is can help us to understand, and the limitations of ethnographic research.