Chapter 06 Self-assessment

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. The expansion of US influence in Latin America around the turn of the twentieth century was an exception to the general trend of receding colonial rule and "spheres of influence" throughout the world at this time.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. José Martí built a political coalition that included supporters of all of the following EXCEPT

Annexation of Cuba by the United States. correct incorrect

Establishment of an independent Cuban Republic. correct incorrect

A social revolution to redistribute land in Cuba. correct incorrect

Restoration of slavery in Cuba. correct incorrect

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. Before the USS Maine incident, opinion in the United States had tended to support the Cuban rebels against continued Spanish control of the island.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. In the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded control of all of the following to the United States EXCEPT

Puerto Rico. correct incorrect

Cuba. correct incorrect

Panama. correct incorrect

The Philippines. correct incorrect

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. All of the following were instrumental in bringing about Gerardo Machado's ouster in Cuba EXCEPT

Professionals such as teachers, journalists, and university professors. correct incorrect

The Independent Party of Color (Partido Independeniente de Color, PIC). correct incorrect

Organized labor. correct incorrect

The Cuban army. correct incorrect

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. The proximate cause of the formulation of the Roosevelt Corollary was US anxiety that Latin Americans' debt problems would lead to British or German intervention in the Caribbean Basin.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. Which of the following is FALSE about the process that led to the building of the Panama Canal?

Once political obstacles were removed, Panama's favorable geography and environment made it preferable to Nicaragua for the canal project's route. correct incorrect

The US government gradually supplanted British and French interests to gain sole control over the trans-isthmian canal project. correct incorrect

The Panama Canal Zone was subject to US, not Panamanian, control. correct incorrect

The canal project brought together US capital and engineering and public-health expertise with labor from China, South Asia, and across the Caribbean. correct incorrect

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. Augusto César Sandino can best be described as

A Liberal politician who tried to leverage US support to become President of Nicaragua. correct incorrect

A Conservative caudillo. correct incorrect

The commander of the Nicaraguan National Guard. correct incorrect

A Nicaraguan nationalist of peasant origin. correct incorrect

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. All of the following contributed to the outbreak of the War of the Pacific EXCEPT

Peru's aspirations to replace its declining guano revenues. correct incorrect

Bolivia's desire to derive greater tax revenue from mining concessions it had granted to foreign companies. correct incorrect

US influence in the region. correct incorrect

Mistreatment of Chilean mine workers. correct incorrect

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. The ranchers and indigenous small farmers of the Huasteca region of Mexico initially welcomed and profited from the leasing of their lands to the foreign oil companies.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. In the early nineteenth century rubber trees grew only in the Amazon rainforest.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. The spread of football (soccer) in turn-of-the-century Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay was rooted in its popularity among all of the following groups EXCEPT

Urban elites correct incorrect

Rural indigenous communities. correct incorrect

British and other European expatriates and their children correct incorrect

The immigrant and African-descended urban working classes correct incorrect

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. Authors such as Dantes Bellegarde and Rafael Reyes argued that US interventions in Latin America were not only morally unjustified but also violations of international law.

True. correct incorrect

False. correct incorrect

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. All of the following contributed to changing norms for urban Latin American women in the early twentieth century EXCEPT

The availability of new employment opportunities for educated women in public-school teaching, offices, communications, and sales. correct incorrect

The rise of new urban social spaces such as sporting events, parks, and movie theaters. correct incorrect

The influx of European and US fashions and customs through print and visual media, department stores, and music and dance. correct incorrect

Changing attitudes of the Catholic Church toward marriage and family planning. correct incorrect

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. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of both Colombia and Peru in the 1920s?

They saw an influx of US investment. correct incorrect

Their economies diversified and prospered due to the expansion of new export products. correct incorrect

Their governments lost popularity when they bowed to US pressure to balance their national budgets. correct incorrect

Government spending improved infrastructure but also led to patronage and bureaucratic bloat. correct incorrect