Chapter 21 Quiz

Quiz Content

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. Which trait of humans is not shared by the LUCA?

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. Refer to the figure showing the phylogeny of some of the living apes.



According to the figure, which organism is the closest living relative to humans?

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. Humans and chimpanzees share several polymorphic loci. Which is the least plausible explanation for this fact?

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. What would be the best clue that a fossil skull was left behind by an ape that walked more or less upright?

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. Many traits of anatomically modern humans enhanced our tool-use, running, and other abilities. Which of these skills was likely reduced in modern humans (compared to our ancestors) as a result of those changes?

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. Which genera is likely the most recent ancestor of the genus Homo?

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. In 2017, Holen and colleagues announced the discovery of a 130,000-year-old site in California that they claimed contained a mastodon that had been butchered by humans (genus Homo). Why did some in the scientific community express skepticism and caution in accepting the findings?

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. Which piece of evidence does not support the theory of recent (ca. 200,000 years ago) African origin of humans?

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. Which statement best explains why modern Europeans, Asians, or Africans lack Denisovan DNA in their genome?

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. Which statement is not a good explanation for the relatively low genetic variability among modern human populations?

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. According to the social brain hypothesis, we should expect primates living in larger social groups to have

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. What preceded hunting as a method that humans used to acquire food?

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. Why do many domesticated animals and plants have low fitness when compared to their wild relatives?

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. You extract DNA from human bones in an ancient village buried by volcanic ash. You discover that there is an extremely high frequency of the LCT allele for lactase persistence. What might you conclude about the population?

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. Why do populations farther from Africa have more deleterious mutations in their genome?

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. Sixty years of data from the Framingham Heart Study showed that people with low cholesterol had 50% more offspring, on average, than those with high cholesterol. Since it is known that cholesterol level is highly heritable, what can be concluded from this specific observation?

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. The "hygiene hypothesis" is an explanation for what phenomenon?

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. In the study of cultural evolution, what is a "meme"?

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