Comparative Development and Evolution

Gene Regulation

• Hox genes and the genetic toolkit

Developmental-Genetic Bases of Phenotypic Evolution

• Evolution by cis-regulatory mutations
• Evolution by trans-regulatory mutations

• Overview: The genetics and development of phenotypic evolution

Evolvability and Developmental Pathways

Constraints on Adaptive Evolution

Phenotypic Plasticity and Canalization

• Does phenotypic plasticity contribute to evolution?