Chapter 11 Multiple choice questions

How heritable is alcoholism? Select correct answer.

Not at all

About 5%

About 10%

About 50%

What have adoption studies of alcoholism told us? Select all correct answers.

Genetic risk is much less than environmental risk

The transmission of risk from parent to child is approximately equal when the parent raises the child, but has no genetic relationship, and when they have a genetic relationship, but play no role in rearing

Mothers have more of an effect than fathers in the transmission of risk

The risk to offspring of alcohol-use disorder is influenced both by parental genes and by rearing

How is ethanol metabolized? Select all correct answers.

Ethanol is broken down into sugar and oxygen

Ethanol is turned into vinegar and water in two steps

The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step in the metabolism of ethanol

The products of the alcohol dehydrogenase reaction are non toxic

In what way is the genetic basis of alcoholism different from other psychiatric disease? Select correct answer.

The genetic basis of alcoholism is entirely due to Mendelian segregating variants

A small number of large effect variants account for most of the genetic variance

A common coding variant in alcohol dehydrogenase provides protection

About 40% of East Asians have a coding variant that induces flushing, nausea and headaches when they consume alcohol

What has GWAS told us about the genetic basis of alcoholism? Select all correct answers.

GWAS has confirmed the importance of genetic variants in enzymes that metabolize alcohol

GWAS shows that there is a large polygenic component to alcoholism

GWAS has identified new genes involved in the risk of developing alcohol use disorder

GWAS can be used to assess the heritability of alcohol use disorder

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