Chapter 10 Multiple choice questions

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What do we know about the epidemiology of major depression? Select all correct answers.

Major depression is about twice as likely to affect women than men correct incorrect

Half of cases of suicide are attributable to major depression correct incorrect

Major depression is the world's leading cause of disability correct incorrect

Those affected once with major depression have a 50% chance of experiencing at least one more episode correct incorrect

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What have twin and adoption studies revealed about the heritability of major depression? Select all correct answers.

It is not a heritable condition correct incorrect

It is more heritable in women than in men correct incorrect

The environmental risk for major depression is larger than the genetic risk correct incorrect

Genetic risk loci for major depression in men are not entirely the same as those in women correct incorrect

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What is the evidence that major depression is heterogeneous? Select all correct answers.

Those reporting stressful life events as a cause of major depression have a lower heritability than those that do not correct incorrect

The genetic effects differ by age group correct incorrect

Recurrent major depression is less heritable than single episode correct incorrect

Some people have an inherited tendency to react badly to stressful life events correct incorrect

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The analysis of candidate genes as causes for major depression has established the following: Select correct answer.

The analysis of candidate genes has revealed nothing of consequence about the biology of depression correct incorrect

The analysis of candidate genes has revealed clear evidence for the involvement of the serotonin transporter in the risk of major depression correct incorrect

The analysis of candidate genes has revealed unequivocally that there is a gene by environment interaction at a locus near the serotonin transporter that increases the risk for major depression correct incorrect

The analysis of candidate genes has ruled out genetic variation at neurotransmitters and their receptors as causes of major depression correct incorrect

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What has been learnt from genome wide association analysis of major depression? Select all correct answers.

Major depression is due to genetic effects at a small number of loci correct incorrect

A component of genetic risk for major depression is shared with other psychiatric disorders correct incorrect

Genetic and environmental effects on major depression interact to cause disease correct incorrect

Different risk loci have been found in men and women correct incorrect

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What have twin, adoption and family studies of bipolar disorder established? Select all correct answers.

Bipolar illness and schizophrenia often occur in the same family correct incorrect

The risk of bipolar disorder in the first degree relatives of patients is about ten fold higher than controls correct incorrect

The heritability of bipolar disorder is about 10% correct incorrect

The familial risk factors for bipolar illness and MD are partly intermingled correct incorrect

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What have genome wide association studies revealed about the genetic basis of bipolar disorder? Select all correct answers.

Bipolar disorder is polygenic correct incorrect

Genes involved in neurotransmitter metabolism have been identified correct incorrect

GWAS validated a clinical distinction between bipolar I and bipolar II disorders correct incorrect

There is larger genetic correlation with schizophrenia than with major depression correct incorrect

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What is known about the genetic epidemiology of anxiety disorders? Select all correct answers.

First-degree relatives of someone with a phobic disorder has a fourfold increased risk of developing phobia correct incorrect

Phobias have a heritability of about 80% correct incorrect

Phobias are much less common than panic disorder correct incorrect

Panic disorder occurs at rates of about 10% in first degree relatives of panic-disorder patients correct incorrect

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How do genes predisposing to individual phobias relate to each other? Select all correct answers.

We inherit a general liability to be fearful of things in the world correct incorrect

We inherit vulnerabilities to develop specific fears correct incorrect

The heritabilities of the phobia subtypes are different correct incorrect

The genetic risks for individual phobias are partly shared with a general propensity to fears, and are partly fear specific correct incorrect

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What is known about the genetic basis of eating disorders? Select all correct answers.

Eating disorders are entirely attributable to environmental risk factors correct incorrect

The SNP-based estimate of the heritability of anorexia is about 15% correct incorrect

There are high genetic correlations between eating disorders and other psychiatric disorders correct incorrect

Genetic studies suggest that metabolic dysregulation may contribute to anorexia nervosa correct incorrect