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Assessment Questions 10.7
What does the archaeological evidence reveal about the population of Great Zimbabwe, and how does it suggest the social hierarchy in the region?
Archaeological evidence indicates a dense, near-urban population at Great Zimbabwe, with estimates ranging from 2,000 to possibly 18,000 at its peak. The site suggests a hierarchical society with the elite living within stone enclosures, while those outside provided economic support through agriculture and animal husbandry.
How did trade routes and natural resources contribute to the growth and complexity of Great Zimbabwe?
Great Zimbabwe strategically located itself along trade routes, including those for valuable ivory. The site, similar to Çatalhöyϋk, controlled a significant natural resource—gold. The elite may have accumulated wealth through trade, especially in gold, maintaining their social position.
What artifacts from distant regions have been found at Great Zimbabwe, and what do they indicate about the extent of trade?
Artifacts such as glass from Syria, faience bowls from Persia, and Chinese celadon dishes have been found at Great Zimbabwe, indicating extensive trade connections. This suggests that the Zimbabwe elite derived and maintained their social and economic position through diverse trade activities.