Chapter 2 Self Quiz - True/False

. Survival in indigenous societies was not necessarily dependent on close-knit bonds.

. No "small-scale subsistence peoples" exist today.

. Before the modern era, most humans took dreams and visions seriously.

. In an animistic worldview only humans and animals are endowed with souls or spirits that animate them.

. Many indigenous societies held spirit beings, or souls, to be the ultimate reality.

. Shamans typically do not deal with issues of death.

. Members of the Aboriginal kangaroo clan in Australia would likely eat kangaroo meat.

. In indigenous societies, a totem held no significance.

. The Lakota Sioux of North America believe that only select individuals have the potential for supernatural connection.

. Shamans around the world still play an important role of leading their societies in facing the crisis of modernity.

. In response to colonialism by the Euro-Americans, indigenous peoples believed that hiding their beliefs and practices would be the final straw in their demise.

. Both men and women may become shamans in the Kung San culture.

. The role of spirit mediums, called dangki, in modern-day Taiwan has dramatically decreased with Taiwan's rising prosperity.

. Korean shamans, called mudang, are predominantly women.

. The prophets and sages of the great world religions are presented as being less skilled in shamanic arts such as miracle making and healing the sick than shamans in prehistory.

. A tutelary spirit is a supernatural agent whose help is required to perform spirit flights, negotiate with evil spirits, compel a soul to return, or increase the shaman's powers.

. It is important to compare the role religion played in understanding the central issues humans faced in prehistory with the role religion plays now.

. Indigenous peoples today consider dreams and visions important sources in discerning meaning and purpose in life.

. Indigenous peoples were always monotheists.

. It is not standard practice across the world for shamans to rely on fast rhythmic drumming, dancing, chanting, and fasting in achieving trance or altered states of consciousness.

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