Chapter 9 Quiz

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1. What do elections in New Zealand and Germany have in common?

a. The same party seldom wins twice correct incorrect

b. The Greens are dominant in each correct incorrect

c. They both use mixed member proportional representation correct incorrect

d. The extreme right routinely captures 25 percent of the vote correct incorrect

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2. In general, which of the following is not true of congresses?

a. They are often bicameral. correct incorrect

b. They are independent of the executive in a checks-and-balances system. correct incorrect

c. They are elected from independents, not members of political parties. correct incorrect

d. None of the above correct incorrect

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3. Two basic structures of a legislature are:

a. Congressional and bipartisan correct incorrect

b. Unicameral and bicameral correct incorrect

c. Unified and federal correct incorrect

d. Electoral and appointed correct incorrect

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4. Which of the following is rare in single-member district systems?

a. Closed-list proportional representation correct incorrect

b. Elections based on individual candidates correct incorrect

c. Systems with two major parties correct incorrect

d. None of the above correct incorrect

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5. What do many consider an important advantage of proportional representation?

a. Proportionality is not linked to the concept of representation. correct incorrect

b. Small parties have less chance to complicate the process in this electoral system. correct incorrect

c. PR systems tend to involve political representation for a wider range of views. correct incorrect

d. It is destabilizing, which is good because institutions are not ossified. correct incorrect

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6. An example of a country that features a hybrid system with both district-based constituencies and proportional representation in its lower chamber is:

a. China correct incorrect

b. Japan correct incorrect

c. The United States correct incorrect

d. France correct incorrect

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7. Open-list proportional representation uses which of the following procedures?

a. Vote by parties, but assignment of seats using primary elections correct incorrect

b. Vote for individuals, but aggregation of the vote by parties correct incorrect

c. Write in the candidate of your choice correct incorrect

d. Vote for individuals, but specify an alternative party that would rather see holding the majority correct incorrect

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8. Which of the following forms of voting necessarily requires ranking candidates?

a. Open-list proportional representation correct incorrect

b. Parliamentary-style voting correct incorrect

c. Minimum winning coalition correct incorrect

d. Single transferable vote correct incorrect

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9. Which of the following countries uses a hybrid voting system that has a variable number of seats in the legislature to achieve proportionality?

a. Russia correct incorrect

b. China correct incorrect

c. Germany correct incorrect

d. United States correct incorrect

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10. The presence of which of the following features will increase legislative leverage over the executive?

a. Executive legislative relations correct incorrect

b. Hybrid electoral systems correct incorrect

c. Votes of no confidence in parliamentary systems correct incorrect

d. First past the post correct incorrect

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11. Which of the following typically characterizes voting in democratic legislatures?

a. Each member's vote is equal, but committees and parties shape voting agendas. correct incorrect

b. Each vote is equal, and a simple majority is required in every case. correct incorrect

c. Each representative may vote, but the votes don't matter. correct incorrect

d. The autocrat tells the representatives how to vote. correct incorrect

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12. Indirect election for legislators would be most common in which circumstance?

a. Upper chambers in federal systems correct incorrect

b. Lower chambers in federal systems correct incorrect

c. Unicameral systems with PR correct incorrect

d. Unicameral systems with SMD correct incorrect

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13. Malapportionment in upper chambers in federal states often disadvantages whom?

a. Small and less populous states correct incorrect

b. Large and more populous states correct incorrect

c. Foreign competition correct incorrect

d. The oldest parties correct incorrect

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14. A small party trying to gain its first seats in a legislature would be likely to favor which of the following?

a. Violent revolution correct incorrect

b. Pure proportional representation with low thresholds correct incorrect

c. Open-list proportional representation with high thresholds correct incorrect

d. Presidentialism correct incorrect

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15. Which of the following electoral systems would be expected to result in the greatest party discipline?

a. Most Similar Systems Design correct incorrect

b. Closed-list PR correct incorrect

c. Open-list PR correct incorrect

d. Single transferable vote correct incorrect