Chapter 15 Quiz

1. What do many scholars now believe about the relationship between modernization and religion?

a. Modernization really has no impact on religion.

b. Modernization did not cause secularization when scholars said it would, but it will soon.

c. Modernization caused secularization, but then it stopped and went into reverse.

d. Secularization didn't happen like scholars predicted, but modernization does alter religion's role in politics in important ways.

2. Which of the following is considered a major modern ideology?

a. Christianity

b. Liberalism

c. Buddhism

d. Democratic institutionalism

3. Which of the following claims about the ideology of liberalism is true?

a. Karl Marx invented liberalism.

b. Liberalism was once popular but has disappeared from the world.

c. Liberalism probably first developed in places like the United Kingdom.

d. Liberalism is not an ideology.

4. Which of the following is not consistent with Liberalism?

a. Individualism is more important than groups.

b. Individual's relationships with the state should be organized through democratic citizenship.

c. Individual rights should be constitutionally protected.

d. The market should be protected by the state for the good of the polity.

5. Which of the following is not a defining feature of the ideology of traditional socialism?

a. The state should redress inequalities.

b. Social rights are as important as individual freedoms.

c. All else being equal, a market economy is to be preferred.

d. The state needs to play a key role in economic management, regulation, and redistribution.

6. Which of the following is not consistent with the ideology of fascism?

a. Fascism does not share Liberalism's concern for the individual.

b. No effort is made to protect individual rights.

c. Fascists don't like capitalism and prefer centralized control of the economy.

d. An authoritarian protector is better than a plural democracy.

7. Which of the following societies clearly exemplifies the "lay state" model?

a. Nigeria

b. France

c. Saudi Arabia

d. None of the above

8. Which of the following societies clearly exemplifies the denominational model of organizing religious difference?

a. Russia

b. United Kingdom

c. United States

d. None of the above

9. Which of the following societies clearly exemplifies the "religious state" model?

a. China

b. Nigeria

c. Iran

d. None of the above

10. Which society's religiosity is hardest to explain for the proponents of modernization theory?

a. Ancient Sumeria

b. Saudi Arabia

c. Guatemala

d. The United States

11. Which of the following claims is José Casanova making in Public Religions in the Modern World?

a. Economic development causes secularization

b. Religious pluralism yields religiosity

c. Institutional differentiation is a key component of modernization.

d. Privatization of religion is an inevitable feature of modernization.

12. Which of the following claims is Ahmet Kuru making in Secularism and State Policies toward Religion?

a. The main factor explaining the level of a state's involvement in religion is the attitude of religious leaders.

b. The state will create secularization.

c. Church state relationships are mostly a function of underlying class relations.

d. A single, dominant religion is closely linked to an authoritarian state.

13. Which of the following did Francis Fukuyama mean in suggesting that history had "ended"?

a. Socialism will triumph.

b. There will be no further technological change, meaning a sad future of stagnant economies.

c. Now is not the time of ideologies; now is the time of nationalism.

d. Major ideological conflict is likely a thing of the past.

14. Which scholar is most associated with the idea of "multiple modernities"?

a. Ahmet Kuru

b. Shmuel Eisenstadt

c. Ronald Inglehart

d. José Casanova

15. Which pair are examples of where inclusive populism and exclusive populism exist?

a. The U.S. and Canada

b. Russia and China

c. Bolivia and France

d. Nigeria and Venezuela

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