Chapter 4 Self-Quiz

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. Smith thinks that the ability to trade is a capacity found in:

Some apes and all humans correct incorrect

Some humans and all apes correct incorrect

Only humans correct incorrect

All humans and some species of birds and apes correct incorrect

All animals correct incorrect

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. Ciulla states, "When it comes to work, __________ has freedom of choice, but not everyone has __________."

a white person, good connections correct incorrect

everyone, the knowledge of the choice correct incorrect

everyone, good connections correct incorrect

everyone, viable options correct incorrect

the U.S citizen, the privilege of calling the U.S. their home correct incorrect

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. This philosopher argues that one's labor is an extension of one's body:

Cohen correct incorrect

Boatright correct incorrect

Kant correct incorrect

Locke correct incorrect

Rawls correct incorrect

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. Marx might say you are alienated from your labor if you:

Don't get paid fairly correct incorrect

Don't have a job correct incorrect

Don't identify with your job correct incorrect

Don't have enough leisure time correct incorrect

Don't work in the country of which you are a citizen correct incorrect

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. Rawls says that "the principles of justice are chosen behind a veil of ignorance." This means:

We must decide our principles without studying theories of justice. correct incorrect

We must decide our principles as if we did not know our race, gender, or social class. correct incorrect

We have an unjust society because too many people are ignorant. correct incorrect

We have an unjust society because no one can understand the principles of justice. correct incorrect

We should allow ignorant people to determine our principles of justice. correct incorrect

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. According to Pascal, tyranny is exemplified by which of the following cases?

A person's trying to use his physical attractiveness to get respect. correct incorrect

A person's using his persuasiveness and helpfulness to secure political power. correct incorrect

A person who thinks that because he is physically strong, people should love him. correct incorrect

a. and c. correct incorrect

a., b. and c. correct incorrect

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. Nozick argues that theories of distributive justice all share the same problem, which is:

There is no person or group with the right to control how resources should be distributed. correct incorrect

The theories are created behind a veil of ignorance. correct incorrect

The theories are too abstract and impractical. correct incorrect

The theories encourage the exploitation of workers. correct incorrect

Distribution of resources is not a problem of justice. correct incorrect

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. A "patterned" principle of justice is one that:

Distributes goods evenly to all people in the community correct incorrect

Considers history and how people's possessions were gained correct incorrect

Distributes goods depending on people's qualities like need or merit correct incorrect

Considers entitlement correct incorrect

Considers only justice in transfer, not justice in holding correct incorrect

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. Locke's proviso is intended to limit:

The acquisition of too much wealth correct incorrect

The role of government in the economy correct incorrect

The kinds of economic principles that we should adopt correct incorrect

Property claims that harm the state correct incorrect

Property claims that harm other people correct incorrect

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. Kristol says that a just society:

Requires government intervention correct incorrect

Is something we should all work toward correct incorrect

Could not really exist on earth correct incorrect

Is the goal of politics correct incorrect

Requires a completely free market correct incorrect

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. The "important fact" that Hayek refers to as one that most people find difficult to admit is that:

The poor are just lazy. correct incorrect

The poor are not really as poor as they appear to be. correct incorrect

The belief in social justice is there only to make us feel better about ourselves. correct incorrect

There are no poor people. correct incorrect

The pursuit of selfishness actually ends up serving society. correct incorrect

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. Why does Beining think that the extremely rich "should give a lot of it back"?

Because wealth is ill-gotten gains, acquired by immoral means. correct incorrect

Because wealth is acquired mostly by chance. correct incorrect

Because the poor need it more. correct incorrect

Because justice requires that money should be equally distributed. correct incorrect

Because wealth has moral baggage. correct incorrect

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. Distributive justice is essentially concerned with punishment.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Smith believes that what separates a genius from a common man is natural talents.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Ciulla claims that workers have many more options for employment than what we might initially believe.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Rawls insists that free exchange is at the heart of justice.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. According to Walzer, there is nothing wrong in principle if persuasive and helpful people are accorded more political power than others.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Nozick believes that only a minimal state can be justified.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Kristol thinks that "social justice" is fully compatible with capitalism.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. McEntee thinks that comparing different kinds of jobs, like a secretary and a truck driver, is not possible.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Beining's article makes the point that extreme differences between rich and poor are damaging to democracy.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect