Chapter 21 Answer guidance

Q1) What are the catalysts that have led to the Europeanization of Justice and Home Affairs/Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice policy?

See section 21.2

  • There are two catalysts:
  • (1) Increase in cross-border movement into and across Europe
    • After the Second World War, Western Europe was a hub of immigration.
    • This increased activity at borders which put extra pressure on border controls.
    • There was a fear that transnational crime would rise due to poor communication between national law enforcement authorities.
  • (2) There was renewed enthusiasm for European integration following the 1986 Single European Act.
    • Internal borders finally removed in the early 1980s
    • This increased the need to control the Community’s external borders and to develop common rules on access.
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