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  1. Return to The Oxford Textbook on Criminology 2e Student Resources

Chapter 4 Self-test questions

* not completed
. Which of the following are considerations when we think about validity? (Select all that apply.)

* not completed
. 'Knowledge and fact are the same thing.' True or false?

* not completed
. What is epistemology?

* not completed
. Which of the following are the main epistemologies associated with criminology? (Select all that apply.)

* not completed
. What are the three elements of criminological knowledge creation?

* not completed
. What is classicism?

* not completed
. 'Positivism emerged in response to classicism.' True or false?

* not completed
. 'Critical criminology argues that criminology should be focusing on ________.' What is the missing phrase?

* not completed
. Which viewpoints does androcentricism privilege in knowledge creation?

* not completed
. Media misrepresentation of crime can lead to… (Select all that apply.)

* not completed
. 'Personal experiences can be used as supporting evidence for empirical research.' True or false?

* not completed
. What is supposition?

* not completed
. 'Students of criminology tend to under-value supposition.' True or false?

* not completed
. Which of the following are ways through which we can study criminology? (Select all that apply.)

* not completed
. In terms of research strategy, empirical research methods…

* not completed
. 'Inductive research is used to generate brand new knowledge and understandings.' True or false?

* not completed
. What is reflexivity?

* not completed
. 'The independent variable (IV) is the environment, characteristic, or experience that is manipulated in an experiment.' True or false?

* not completed
. Which of these research methods could you use if you want to avoid issues of supposition and subjectivity?

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