Skip to main content
United States
Jump To
Support
Register or Log In
Support
Register or Log In
Instructors
Browse Products
Getting Started
Students
Browse Products
Getting Started
Return to The Oxford Textbook on Criminology 2e Student Resources
Chapter 29 Self-test questions
Quiz Content
*
not completed
.
Which of the following could be seen as key aims of rehabilitation (in a criminal justice context)? (Select all that apply.)
Identifying the factors that lead to criminal behaviour
correct
incorrect
Identifying which punishments are most effective
correct
incorrect
Identifying the interventions that will help offenders lead law-abiding lives
correct
incorrect
Identifying the best policing tools to apprehend offenders
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the principle behind the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974?
To provide a legal framework for the creation of rehabilitation centres
correct
incorrect
To require convictions to be disclosed as part of the openness of rehabilitation
correct
incorrect
To restore offenders to full citizenship status and rights
correct
incorrect
To develop rehabilitation practices
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following are assumptions that underpin rehabilitation? (Select all that apply.)
Changes in an offender's circumstances are likely to have future positive effects
correct
incorrect
Offenders do not choose to commit crime
correct
incorrect
Offenders are not fully in control of what they do and so are not culpable for their crime
correct
incorrect
Change will help address the offender's needs and serve a community purpose
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is psychological rehabilitation?
The formal decriminalisation of the offender, such as setting aside a conviction
correct
incorrect
When the offender formally accepts their offending and demonstrates that they understand the harm caused
correct
incorrect
A type of rehabilitation that promotes positive change within the individual offender
correct
incorrect
A term for when an offender becomes socially accepted
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What does rehabilitation seek to achieve? (Select all that apply.)
Reinstating the offender into society
correct
incorrect
Changing the offender's behaviour
correct
incorrect
Ensuring the offender compensates victims for their behaviour
correct
incorrect
Ensuring appropriate punishment of the offender
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is 'formal rehabilitation'?
The end point of a custodial sentence
correct
incorrect
A structured, formal 'programme' of rehabilitation
correct
incorrect
A type of community sentence
correct
incorrect
A process of removing a prohibition/ban or reinstating entitlements
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the objective of cognitive behavioural therapy?
Changing the way offenders think
correct
incorrect
Changing offenders' understanding of society
correct
incorrect
Allowing offenders to evade responsibility for offending
correct
incorrect
Identifying the most dangerous offenders
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What principle of rehabilitation was incorporated into the 'Breaking the Cycle' reforms?
Meeting the needs of communities
correct
incorrect
Ensuring that offenders were identified early
correct
incorrect
Meeting the offenders needs
correct
incorrect
Ensuring appropriate criminal justice resources to address offending
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
'Paid probation officers came into being as a result of the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974.' True or false?
True
correct
incorrect
False
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following is a central argument behind the development of probation?
The need for specialist skills and knowledge to understand offenders
correct
incorrect
The need for an additional form of policing 'on the ground'
correct
incorrect
The need for additional resources for more standardised forms of punishment
correct
incorrect
The need for professional staff to reinforce punitive sentences
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the rehabilitative principle behind probation?
Rehabilitation can be achieved through the use of coercion
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation requires formal criminal justice management
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation can be achieved with counselling, guidance, and practical support
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation can be achieved with punitive intervention
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is meant by the 'casework approach' of probation?
Probation is about a social welfare-based approach
correct
incorrect
Probation is about managing and supervising offenders
correct
incorrect
Probation is about being a 'critical friend' to offenders
correct
incorrect
Probation is about ensuring custodial interventions
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following is a core objective of rehabilitation?
Achieving individual change in offenders
correct
incorrect
Addressing wider social circumstances
correct
incorrect
Achieving social change
correct
incorrect
Achieving community cohesion
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following principles underpin the psychological approach to rehabilitation? (Select all that apply.)
There are psychological factors that can push a person to commit crime
correct
incorrect
Crime can be prevented by changing the unique set of factors that drive each individual into crime
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation has to be individualised to suit each offender's psychological and social factors
correct
incorrect
Compulsory psychological treatment is the only way to reduce crime
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
How are ideas around faith and moral redemption included in the objects of rehabilitation?
Rehabilitation is concerned with forgiveness and the capacity for offenders to seek moral redemption
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation is concerned with the principle of 'an eye for an eye'
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation is concerned with paying a debt to society
correct
incorrect
Rehabilitation is concerned with appropriate and just punishment and seeking penance
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the main aim of 'resettlement' within rehabilitation?
Making the individual fit the expectations of society
correct
incorrect
Making the individual fit the needs of criminal justice
correct
incorrect
Making beneficial changes to the offender's circumstances
correct
incorrect
Making the circumstances of custodial sentencing fit the crime
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What underlying 'issue' does Cognitive Behavioural Therapy seek to address?
Faulty reasoning on the part of offenders
correct
incorrect
Lack of sufficient deterrents in criminal justice processes
correct
incorrect
Lack of understanding of situational crime prevention
correct
incorrect
Lack of understanding of current criminal law
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What does the 'Risk-Need-Responsivity Model' try to do?
Prioritising the offender's wellbeing
correct
incorrect
Identifying areas of risk in a community
correct
incorrect
Identifying and changing criminogenic needs
correct
incorrect
Responding to situational and physical/environmental risks
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following describes the 'Good Lives Model' of rehabilitation?
Using negative reinforcement to make offenders live good lives
correct
incorrect
Using custodial sentencing to achieve a rehabilitative effect
correct
incorrect
Creating favourable conditions that encourage offender changes
correct
incorrect
Using hypnosis treatments to convince offenders to live good lives
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the rationale for desistance-based interventions which link offenders' needs and motivations?
Working to address the needs and interests of the individual offender can discourage future offending
correct
incorrect
Appropriate punishment can discourage future offending
correct
incorrect
Appropriate expression of disapproval can discourage future offending
correct
incorrect
Removing temptation and opportunities for crime will discourage future offending
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is typically the key criteria in determining whether rehabilitation works?
Whether rehabilitative measures somehow reduce levels of reoffending
correct
incorrect
Whether offenders are content with the outcome
correct
incorrect
Whether communities approve of or are involved in the rehabilitative process
correct
incorrect
Whether rehabilitative policies are popular with the public
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following have been identified as issues in rehabilitative approaches that raise questions about whether they can be said to have 'worked'? (Select all that apply.)
The offender becomes dependent on the provider of the intervention
correct
incorrect
Conflict arises between service providers and service users
correct
incorrect
The recipient continues to be associated with an offender label
correct
incorrect
Expectations are raised or unmet and recipients are disappointed
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What is the idea of 'multimodal' approaches to rehabilitation?
Addressing a single issue in an offender's life using multiple agencies
correct
incorrect
Addressing different aspects of an offender's needs and behaviour
correct
incorrect
Focusing on multiple conditions in society that might cause crime
correct
incorrect
Adopting a linear approach to offending and rehabilitation
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following are possible targets for the multimodal approach? (Select all that apply.)
Employment
correct
incorrect
Education
correct
incorrect
Accommodation
correct
incorrect
Spiritual wellbeing
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of these approaches are considered to be effective in desistance interventions? (Select all that apply.)
A standardised and highly organised approach
correct
incorrect
Administrative efficiency
correct
incorrect
Responsive and individually tailored interventions
correct
incorrect
Trusting that the intervention will result in complete, lasting change
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following principles does Maguire (2007) suggest that interventions should adopt to increase the chances of successful outcomes? (Select all that apply.)
Agency is as important as structure
correct
incorrect
Generating and sustaining motivation is crucial
correct
incorrect
Desistance is a process not an 'event'
correct
incorrect
Individuals differ in their readiness to begin the process of change
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Why might it be helpful to distinguish between 'static' and 'dynamic' risk factors?
It means interventions can be targeted at factors that can be changed
correct
incorrect
It means interventions can be targeted at factors that are consistent
correct
incorrect
It allows us to develop a standardised approach to certain factors
correct
incorrect
Focusing on offender behaviour will promote change
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following are considered to be crucial elements in supporting offender change and the change process? (Select all that apply.)
Strict adherence to rules
correct
incorrect
Personal motivation
correct
incorrect
The organisational context
correct
incorrect
Practitioner relationships and skills
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Some rehabilitative programmes have been seen as a 'soft option', but what arguments does Professor Westmarland make for the effectiveness of community intervention in domestic violence?
These programmes are always successful in reducing domestic violence
correct
incorrect
These programmes always promote change in offender behaviour
correct
incorrect
These programmes can have positive benefits for women experiencing domestic violence
correct
incorrect
These programmes encourage greater intervention to prevent future offending
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
Which of the following beliefs underpin the use of compulsion in the delivery of treatment programmes? (Select all that apply.)
A belief in the therapeutic value of the programme
correct
incorrect
A belief in the effectiveness of the programme
correct
incorrect
A belief that offenders are effectively customers
correct
incorrect
A belief in the effectiveness of the programme's delivery
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What are some of the systemic issues that can hinder efforts to facilitate desistance? (Select all that apply.)
Lack of accommodation for ex-offenders on release from custody
correct
incorrect
Poor quality of services available for those released from custody
correct
incorrect
Discrimination in the provision of services for those released from custody
correct
incorrect
The high cost of services for those released from custody
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
.
What approach is favoured by desistance theory and the evidence of 'what works' to address the limitations of rehabilitative efforts that focus on the offender alone?
Developing standardised interventions that allow for offenders to choose from a menu of programmes
correct
incorrect
Developing individualised programmes which take account of specific circumstances and address 'social' need
correct
incorrect
Developing programmes that are closely tailored to the needs of local areas and services
correct
incorrect
Developing programmes that classify offenders according to type
correct
incorrect
Previous Question
Submit Quiz
Next Question
Reset
Exit Quiz
Review & Submit
Submit Quiz
Are you sure?
You have some unanswered questions. Do you really want to submit?
Back to top
Printed from , all rights reserved. © Oxford University Press, 2024
Select your Country