The Mind-Body Problem Multiple Choice

. Every form of dualism holds that

The conscious mind is a nonphysical thing.

There is something nonphysical in the nature of consciousness.

The mind is the same thing as the brain.

Mental states have no effect on the physical world.

. A substance dualist believes that the mind is

The same thing as the brain.

A purely physical system with only physical properties.

A physical substance that has nonphysical properties.

A nonphysical substance with no mass or position in space.

. One challenge substance dualism faces is explaining

How can a nonphysical substance interact with a physical body.

How can a physical system perform complex reasoning.

How can a physical system have nonphysical properties.

How can a mental state be reduced to a mere physical state.

. Property dualists focus on special mental properties such as

Telepathy or other parapsychological phenomena.

Physical events in the brain and nervous system.

Life after death or reincarnation.

Having a pain or having a sensation of red.

. According to the argument from irreducibility

Some mental phenomena can't be reduced to a merely physical explanation.

A nonphysical substance could not interact with a physical body.

Our mental properties must have evolved as humans evolved.

Dualism offers the only possible explanation of parapsychological phenomena.

. Some dualists argue that their theory is the only way to explain parapsychological phenomena such as telepathy and telekinesis. How does Churchland respond to this argument?

He agrees that those phenomena are real, but can explain them without dualism.

He agrees that those phenomena are real and that dualism is best at explaining them.

He thinks those phenomena are probably not real, but if they were, dualism would be able to explain them.

He thinks those phenomena are probably not real, but if they were, dualism would have no explanation of them.

. Churchland's argument from neural dependence points out that drugs and injuries affecting the brain can have very strong impacts on reasoning, emotion, and consciousness. He believes that this shows that reasoning, emotion, and consciousness

Don't involve any nonphysical properties.

Take place in the brain, not in a nonphysical mental substance.

Are mediative functions of the brain.

Can be explained by a dualist theory of mind.

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