The disclosure of information among the prosecution and defense; it is primarily used to prevent one side from introducing unexpected evidence at trial.

Informal negotiations between the prosecution and defense that often results in the defendant admitting guilt in exchange for a lenient sentence.

They gather and share with the court information about defendants, particularly with regard to their level of risk upon being released.

Abbreviated trials, sometimes called “bind over hearings,” which primarily consist of the prosecution presenting evidence of a crime before a judge to determine if the case should proceed.

A form of pretrial release that involves the setting of a bail amount, although no monetary payment is required for release.

Brief hearings prior to trial at which defendants enter a plea, and where pretrial motions may be offered.

A type of evidence that prosecutors discover during an investigation that is favorable to the defense and must be shared with the defense.

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