S. Christopherson, A. Garretsen and R. Martin (2008) The World is Not Flat: Putting Globalization in its Place Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 1(3): 343-349. A valuable discussion of the idea that globalization brings convergence, i.e. a world that is flat, from a geographical perspective.

J. G. Williamson (1996) Globalization, Convergence and History Journal of Economic History 56(2): 277-306. A paper that considers globalization waves and their impact on economic convergence, offering a useful historical perspective.

G. Garrett (2000) The Causes of Globalization Comparative Political Studies 33(6-7): 941-991. Examines the causes of globalization within distinct markets of trade, FDI, and international finance.