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Federalism
After reading this chapter, students should be able to:
- Explain why Canada’s founders chose a federal form of government.
- Distinguish among unitary, federal, and confederal forms of government.
- Identify the main legislative and taxation powers of the federal and provincial governments.
- Discuss the role that judicial decisions have played in shaping the federal–provincial division of powers with respect to the peace, order, and good government clause and the trade and commerce clause.
- Discuss the 1980 Quebec referendum and its outcome, the 1992 national referendum on the Charlottetown Accord and its outcome, and the 1995 Quebec referendum and its outcome.
- Summarize the Supreme Court’s 1998 ruling on the constitutionality of Quebec secession.
- Outline the ways Quebec has influenced Canadian federalism.
- Explain how the financial relations between Ottawa and the provinces have changed.