Chapter 7 Practice Quiz

. Human rights do not include ________.

democratic rights

equality rights

legal rights

fundamental freedoms

economic freedoms

. Political rights, or fundamental freedoms, include ________.

the right to vote and stand for public office

the right to fair and equal treatment under the law

freedom of association and assembly

the right to own property

the right to education

. Before passage of the Charter, the only rights entrenched in Canada's Constitution were associated with ________.

democratic elections and the legal system

economy and fundamental freedoms

democratic elections, economy, and language

the legal system, religion, and economy

democratic elections, religion, and language

. Over the last several years about ________ of the rulings handed down by the Supreme Court have involved constitutional matters based on the Charter.

one-sixth

one-fifth

one-quarter

one-third

one-half

. The term "judicial restraint" means that ________.

governments should exercise restraint in the naming of judges

judges should refrain from commenting during court proceedings in order to demonstrate impartiality

lawyers should temper their aspirations to become judges

judges should refrain from becoming involved in political parties and interest groups

the courts should exercise restraint in ruling on the unconstitutionality of laws

. Two cases where governments did not suffer political backlash when implementing the "notwithstanding" clause were ________.

the Quebec government's modifications to its language bill and the Newfoundland government's legislation that limited the type of boats that could be used for fishing

the Quebec government's modifications to its language bill and the Saskatchewan government's legislation that forced striking public servants back to work

the Newfoundland government's legislation that limited the type of boats that could be used for fishing and the Ontario government's legislation that disallowed the wearing of traditional headdress by its provincial police officers

the Saskatchewan government's legislation that forced striking public servants back to work and the Ontario government's legislation that disallowed the wearing of traditional headdress by its provincial police officers

the Newfoundland government's legislation that limited the type of boats that could be used for fishing and the Ontario government's legislation that disallowed the wearing of traditional headdress by its provincial police officers

. The term "reverse onus" means that ________.

the courts are responsible for ensuring that laws passed by legislatures comply with the Charter

the government is responsible for ensuring that the laws it implements comply with the Charter

the defendant is innocent until proven guilty

the defendant must prove his or her innocence

the Crown bears the burden of proof in criminal cases

. The term "defamation" means ________.

the impugning of someone's character or actions in a manner that results in damage to that person's earnings

hate speech

the impugning of someone's character or actions in a manner that results in real damage to that person's reputation

political personal attack ads

the impugning of someone's character or actions in a manner that results in damage to that person's self-esteem

. According to constitutional expert Peter Hogg, the real threat to civil liberties in Canada comes from discrimination by ________.

employers

trade unions

landlords

realtors

all of the above

. Which of the following statements is true?

1000 Charter cases per year were heard in the first decade after the Charter's passage

20% of Supreme Court cases in Canada each year are Charter cases

the number of Charter cases heard by the Supreme Court has increased significantly over the past 30 years

both a and b

all of the above

. The Queen v. Big M Drug Mart (1985) addressed what Charter guarantee?

freedom of religion

freedom of speech

freedom of association

freedom of peaceful assembly

none of the above

. Which country's constitution includes protection of the environment?

Canada

Sweden

Norway

both b and c

all of the above

. Which of the following is an instance of a government invoking the "notwithstanding" clause?

Saskatchewan government forcing striking public servants back to work in 1986

Alberta government protecting the traditional definition of marriage in 2000

Ontario government reducing the number of Toronto Council wards in 2018

both a and b

all of the above

. Which of the following is not a key tenet of the Oakes test?

a limitation must be rationally connected to the government's objective

a limitation should impair the right as little as possible to meet the government's objection

the harm done to rights by a limitation must be approved by at least two branches of government

the harm done to rights by a limitation must not exceed the good it accomplishes

none of the above

. Rights and freedoms are absolutes.

True

False

. Entitlements involve an individual's liberty to do or believe certain things without restraint from government.

True

False

. Equality rights are the most recent and probably the most controversial category of rights.

True

False

. The widespread use of the term "human rights" has been influenced by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

True

False

. In Canada the main categories of human rights are entrenched in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

True

False

. The major difference between advocates and opponents of the entrenchment of rights in the Constitution is about how best to protect rights.

True

False

. The introduction of the Charter has not increased the number of rights cases in Canada.

True

False

. Section 1 of the Charter declares that the guarantees set forth in the Charter shall be "subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society."

True

False

. The first part of the Oakes test asks whether a government's objective in limiting a right is of sufficient importance to warrant such an encroachment.

True

False

. The Charter applies to private-sector relationships.

True

False

. Neither the "reasonable limits" clause nor the "notwithstanding" clause has been very effective in reining in judicial activism.

True

False

. Supreme Court decisions have declared that the Charter's freedom of association provides unionized workers with the right to strike.

True

False

. The Supreme Court's ruling in R. vs Kapp is an example of judicial sensitivity to the broader societal and historical context of the court's interpretations of equality rights.

True

False

. As a result of introducing the Charter, constitutional supremacy has been replaced by parliamentary supremacy.

True

False

. Canadian and American courts have differed on matters concerning prisoner democratic rights and principles to be followed in drawing electoral boundaries.

True

False

. Sexual orientation is mentioned in s. 15 of the Charter as an equality right.

True

False

. A person who has been denied a job or apartment because of their ethnicity has a valid Charter claim.

True

False

. Defamation is the jurisdiction of common law, not the Charter.

True

False

. There are no absolute rights that can be adduced from human history.

True

False

. The 1960 Canadian Bill of Rights impacted both the federal and provincial governments' powers.

True

False

Quiz Content