Overview

The Diversity of Environmental Signals

Predator Deterrent Signals

• Detection and camouflage
• Notifying predators about prey suitability
• Last-ditch prey signals to predators

Alarm Signals

• Surveillance signals
• Mobbing signals
• Victim signals
• Other economic considerations

Food Signals

• Basic economics
• Amount of information

Autocommunication

• Bat echolocation
• Cetacean echolocation