Blatchley Chapter 09 Quiz

. Sarah is measuring the verbal skills of a sample of students. Assuming that the mean of the sampling distribution of means for the test of verbal skills is 120, is Sarah more or less likely to obtain a sample mean of 100 as compared to 130?

Sarah is more likely to obtain a sample mean of 100 as compared to 130.

Sarah is less likely to obtain a sample mean of 100 as compared to 130.

Sarah is equally likely to obtain a sample mean of 100 as compared to 130 and the probability of obtaining those sample means is greater than zero.

Sarah will always obtain a sample mean of 120, therefore she will never obtain a sample mean of 100 or 130.

. Assuming that the independent variable has an effect on the dependent measure. Which of the following is true?

As effect size increases, the sample mean will be closer to the mean of the sampling distribution

As effect size increases, the sample mean will not be in the sampling distribution of means

As effect size increases, the sample mean will be further from the mean of the sampling distribution

As effect size increases, the sample mean will be on both sides of the mean of the sampling distribution of means

. In a one-tailed hypothesis test, the rejection region is defined by:

The mean of the sample

The number that corresponds to the selected alpha level and the hypothesized direction of the effect

The hypothesized direction of the effect only

The number that corresponds to the selected alpha only

. In hypothesis testing, the area of the outer distribution of the sampling distribution of means that a score has to be for the null hypothesis to be rejected is also known as the...

Critical z

Observed z

Alpha level

Sampling error

. The rejection region in hypothesis testing is...

A mean

A measure of variability

The outcome of calculating a test statistic

A probability

. Which of the following is the most common conventional size of alpha?

0.01%

2.5%

5%

10%

. The p-value is:

A conditional probability

A non-conditional probability

A probable estimate of the population mean

A probable estimate of the cutoff

. Researchers decide on the alpha level...

Before specifying the null and alternative hypotheses

After deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis

Before collecting data

After calculating the observed sample mean

. Which of the following is the proportion cutoff from the upper and lower tails of a distribution for critical z values when the hypothesis is non-directional?

2.5%

5%

10%

12.5%

. The critical z value for a two-tailed hypothesis with an alpha level of .05 is...

-1.96

+1.96

-1.96 and +1.96

Either -1.96 or +1.96

. The z-test...

Is an example of inferential statistics where the mean of a single sample is compared to the mean of the population.

Is an example of inferential statistics where the mean of a single sample is compared to the mean of a different sample.

Is an example of descriptive statistics where the mean of a single sample is compared to the mean of the population.

Is an example of descriptive statistics where the mean of a single sample is compared to the mean of a different sample.

. Random chance...

Can be eliminated by random sampling

Will always exist

Will reduce Type I error

Will reduce Type II error

. When a researcher makes the decision to reject the null hypothesis and the null hypothesis is actually true, this is known as...

Type I error

Type II error

Sampling error

Type III error

. When a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is actually true, this is known as...

Type I error

Type II error

Sampling error

Type III error

. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between Type I and Type II error?

Type I and Type II error are unrelated.

Type I and Type II error are always the same.

As Type I error increases, Type II error decreases.

As Type I error decreases, Type II error also decreases.

. What is the relationship between Type I error and the alpha level in hypothesis testing?

The alpha level and Type I error are unrelated.

Type I error can be set in advanced by deciding on the alpha level.

As Type I error increases, the alpha level decreases.

Type I error and the alpha level both increase as sample size increases.

. What is the relationship between Type II error and the alpha level in hypothesis testing?

The alpha level and Type II error are unrelated.

As the alpha level decreases, Type II error increases.

Type II error and the alpha level both increase as Type I error increases.

Type II error can be set in advanced by deciding on the alpha level.

. What is the relationship between the alpha level and the p-value in hypothesis testing?

As alpha level decreases, the p-value increases.

As alpha level decreases, the p-value decreases.

Both the alpha level and p-value can be decided in advance by setting limits on Type I and Type II error.

None of the above.

. Which of the following will reduce the risk of Type I error?

Increasing sample size

Reducing Type II error

Choosing a larger alpha level

None of the above

. Which of the following will reduce the alpha level in hypothesis testing?

Increasing sample size

Decreasing the p-value

Decreasing Type I error

None of the above

. Which of the following is true about managing Type I and Type II error?

The best experiment has a Type I and Type II error rate of zero.

Scientists should aim to reduce Type I error as much as possible, even at the expense of Type II error.

Scientists should aim to reduce Type II error as much as possible, even at the expense of Type I error.

Scientists should balance the levels of Type I and Type II error in their experiments by making informed choices.

. Type I error is not...

A non-conditional probability

A conditional probability

Dependent on the state of reality

Dependent on sample size

.

Justine's lab is testing a new therapy for individuals with a fear of clowns. The therapy is time-consuming and very expensive, so they want to make sure that any significant results they obtain is probably due to a real effect. Justine will want to:

Greatly increase the sample size of her study

Select an alpha level of 0.1

Increase Type II error

None of the above

. Which of the following aspects of hypothesis testing is not included in the example of the Quincunx?

Population mean

Sample mean

p-value

Null hypothesis

. Walker is studying the effects of sleep on visual attention. After conducting a study, he concludes that there is insufficient evidence to say that sleep effects visual attention. If the reality is such that sleep does affect visual attention...

Walker has made a Type I error

Walker has made a Type II error

Walker has not made an error

There is not enough information to decide if Walker has made an error.

Blatchley Chapter 09 Quiz

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