Chapter 30 Self-test questions

Chapter 30 Self-test questions

The cell cycle, cell division, cell death and cancer
. In order to enter the cell cycle a cell must be stimulated from outside. What type of molecule provides this stimulation?

. In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

. The passage of a cell through the stages of the cell cycle is controlled by protein kinases that phosphorylate many different proteins at appropriate times. What are these protein kinases called?

. At which cell cycle checkpoint is the cell cycle halted if the cell's DNA is damaged?

. Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

. In which of the following situations would cells die by necrosis, not apoptosis?

. Which cellular organelles are involved in the initiation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis?

. What roles in regulating the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis are played by the Bcl-2 protein family members Bax and Bcl-2?

. Which of the following are killed by the extrinsic apoptosis pathway?

. Which of the following proteins is a death receptor which triggers the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis?

. In which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes inactive, condensed, and not transcribed to messenger RNA?

. Cyclin dependent kinases which control progression through cell cycle checkpoints are fully activated by which of the following:

. Appropriate cyclin dependent kinases are synthesized at the start of each phase of the cell cycle and destroyed before the cell proceeds to the next phase: true or false?

. Each cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) is activated by a specific cyclin and works at one specific checkpoint in the cell cycle. True or false?

. Passage through which checkpoint is the step which commits the cell to proceed through to mitosis and cell division?

. The cell is not allowed to pass the cell cycle restriction point if DNA damage is detected. Which of the following proteins are involved in detection of DNA damage and inhibition of the cycle at the restriction point? Please select all that apply.

. At the end of each phase of the cell cycle cyclins activating Cdks in that phase are inactivated irreversibly by which of the following mechanisms?

. Damaged cells die by apoptosis. True or False?

. The triggering of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis involves a balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins. Which of the following is anti-apoptotic?

. Which of the following is believed to be a key cause of immortalization of cancer cells in many tumours?

. Which of the following best defines an oncogene?

. Which of the following types of protein could be coded by a tumour-suppressor gene?

. In what way does the ras oncogene contribute to cancers?

. Which property of p53 enables it to prevent the development of cancer?

. Which of the following statements about the Rb tumour suppressor protein is correct?

. Which of the following is a characteristic of a cancer cell? Please select all that apply.

. Which of the following is characteristic of a malignant rather than a benign tumour?

. Which of the following types of mutation cannot give rise to an oncogene?

. Which of the following can cause mutations which contribute to development of cancers? Please select all that apply.

. Both copies of a tumour suppressor gene must be inactivated by mutation in order to contribute to cancer development. True or false?

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