• Newsholme, E.A., Challiss, R.A.J., and Crabtree, B. (1984). Substrate cycles: their role in improving sensitivity in metabolic control. Trends Biochem. Sci., 9, 277–80.

Describes the regulatory roles of these cycles.

• Carling, D. (2004). The AMP-activated protein kinase cascade—a unifying system for energy control. Trends Biochem. Sci., 29,18–24.

Review of this downstream component of a protein kinase cascade that acts as an intracellular energy sensor, maintaining the energy balance within the cell and whole body.

• Kahn, S.E., Suvag, S., Wright, L. A., et al. (2012). Interactions between genetic background, insulin resistance and beta-cell function. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 14(3), 46–56. 2 Special Issue: SI Pages: 163–9.

• Quant, P. A. (1994). The role of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase in regulation of ketogenesis. Essays Biochem., 28, 13–25.

Summarizes the control of ketogenesis and the physiological repercussions of the process.

• Rocco, M.B. (2012). Statins and diabetes risk: Fact, fiction, and clinical implications. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 79(12), 883–93.