Chapter 10 Self-test questions

. Which of the following statements about the digestion of proteins is correct?

Protein digestion begins in the small intestine.

Protein digestion begins in the stomach.

Protein digestion begins when the hydrochloric acid first hydrolyses the peptide bonds.

Protein digestion begins when trypsinogen has been activated to trypsin by hydrochloric acid.

. Which of the following statements about the digestion of starch is correct?

The digestion of starch by -amylase is an endergonic process.

The digestion of starch by -amylase is an exergonic process.

The Gibbs free energy for the digestion of starch by -amylase is positive.

Starch digestion releases glucose which is actively transported from the epithelial cells into the blood.

. Which of the following statements about the digestion of dietary triacylglycerols is correct?

Dietary triacylglycerols are digested to release three free fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule.

Dietary triacylglycerols release fatty acids directly into the blood when they are digested.

Dietary triacylglycerols are digested by pancreatic lipase.

Dietary triacylglycerols are digested by lipoprotein lipase.

. Which of the following statements about hormonal situations in the body is correct?

During emergency situations muscle uses its glycogen stores to increase blood glucose levels.

During the post-absorptive phase, high insulin levels mediate glucose uptake in muscles.

During the post-absorptive phase, high glucagon levels mediate glucose uptake in muscles.

During the post-absorptive phase, high insulin levels mediate glucose uptake in the liver.

. Which of the following statements about food storage in the body is correct?

More glycogen is stored per unit mass in the muscles than in the liver.

Glycogen storage in the liver is unlimited.

Fat is a more efficient form of fuel storage than glycogen.

Proteins in muscle cells are a normal storage form of fuel.

. Deficiency of sucrase leads to bloating, flatulence, and diarrhoea after ingestion of sucrose. Why is that?

Galactose accumulates in the blood and is fermented by bacteria causing gastrointestinal problems.

The presence of sucrose leads to synthesis of fatty acids which give a feeling of nausea and lead to other gastrointestinal upsets.

Fructose accumulates in the intestine and is fermented by bacteria causing gastrointestinal problems.

Sucrose accumulates in the intestine and is fermented by bacteria causing gastrointestinal problems.

. 7) What is the function of chylomicrons?

They transport endogenously synthesised triacyl glycerols from the liver to the periphery.

They are responsible for reverse cholesterol transport i.e. from the periphery to the liver.

They transport dietary fat from the intestine to the peripheral tissues.

They transport cholesterol esters to peripheral tissues.

. Which of the following statements about lactose digestion is correct?

Lactose is hydrolysed by -amylase.

Lactase deficiency is of little consequence as lactose is only a disaccharide.

Lactose is hydrolysed by -galactosidase.

The symptoms of lactose intolerance can be alleviated by drinking milk.

. Which of the following statements applies to the mucus that lines the gastrointestinal tract?

Mucus is essentially composed of lipids.

The only role of mucus is to help foods slide down the gastrointestinal tract.

Mucus is secreted by goblet cells in the small intestine.

Mucus is permeable to digestive enzymes.

. Which of the following statements about the pancreatic proteases are correct? Please select all that apply.

Pancreatic proteases are activated in the pancreas immediately before their release into the small intestine.

Pancreatic proteases are stored in proenzyme form in the pancreas.

Pancreatic proteases are activated in the small intestine.

Pancreatic proteases have an optimum pH of 6-8.

Pancreatic proteases are all activated by pepsin in the small intestine.

. Pancreatic proenzymes such as trypsinogen are inactive. Which is the process that leads to their activation?

Phosphorylation.

Increase in surrounding pH.

Proteolytic cleavage.

Allosteric activation.

. 75% of the world population are lactose intolerant. This is because:

They lack the enzyme sucrase.

They have an allergic reaction when they consume lactose.

They lack the enzyme lactase.

They can hydrolyse lactose but cannot metabolise the resulting galactose.

Chapter 10 Self-test questions

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