Chapter 12 Self-Grading Quizzes

Describing the Political World: Quantitative Analysis
. The ______ represents the most frequently occurring value in a distribution of scores.

. Some statistical tests, such as Pearson's r, require that you make certain assumptions about the nature of the data. These are known as:

. A report says that 785 respondents agreed with carbon taxes as a policy, while 56% were supportive of incentives for low-emissions vehicle purchases. In this case, the first number is a _______________ and the second number is a _____________.

. The variation ratio, the interquartile range, and the standard deviation are all measures of _________.

. Understanding the size and direction of the relationship is very important to assessing the _________ variables.

. The proportional reduction in error is a way of assessing the extent to which taking into account the ___________ helps us predict the value on the _________.

. If we have a bivariate relationship between a nominal-level variable and an ordinal-level variable, we select a measure of association appropriate for ______.

. In order to produce a regression line for a basic linear regression, you would use the _____________.

. The intercept measures the value of Y when X is equal to _________, while the _______ is the amount of change in Y for every change in X.

. Although a regression line is designed to fit the data as closely as possible, there will always be some __________ that variation in X cannot explain.

. The type of statistics that can be used to understand what the actual value in the population is are called descriptive statistics.

. Multivariate statistics are used to understand two variables at a time.

. The most common measure of central tendency with interval-ratio variables is the arithmetic mean.

. The standard deviation is the most common measure of average deviation from the mode.

. One purpose of z-scores is to try to standardize the base of comparison between groups.

. Measures of association at the nominal level typically range from 0 to 1, while at the ordinal and interval levels the typical range is from –1 to +1.

. Cramer's V, gamma, lambda, tau-b, and tau-c are all PRE measures of association.

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