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Chapter 7: Fertilization: Beginning a New Organism
Structure of the Gametes
- Sperm anatomy
- Egg anatomy
External Fertilization in Sea Urchins
- Sperm attraction: Action at a distance
- The acrosome reaction
- Recognition of the egg’s extracellular coat
- Fusion of the egg and sperm cell membranes
- Prevention of polyspermy: One egg, one sperm
- Activation of the egg and initiating development
- Fusion of genetic material in sea urchins
Internal Fertilization in Mammals
- Getting the gametes into the oviduct: Translocation
- Capacitation
- Hyperactivation, directed sperm migration, and the acrosome reaction
- Recognition at the zona pellucida
- Gamete fusion and sperm entry
- Activation of the mammalian egg
- Fusion of genetic material
Fertilization in Angiosperm Plants
- Pollination and the progamic phase
- Pollen germination and tube elongation
- Pollen tube navigation
- Double fertilization and gamete activation
Coda