Chapter 20 Outline

Intermediate Mesoderm: The Kidney

    • Stage 1: Pronephros
    • Stage 2: Mesonephros
    • Stage 3: Metanephros
  • Specifying the intermediate mesoderm: Pax2, Pax8, and Lim1
  • Reciprocal interactions of developing kidney tissues
  • Mechanisms of reciprocal induction
    • Step 1: Formation of metanephric mesenchyme and the ureteric bud
    • Step 2: Metanephric mesenchyme induces outgrowth of the ureteric bud
    • Step 3: The ureteric bud prevents mesenchymal apoptosis
    • Step 4: Mesenchyme induces branching of the ureteric bud
    • Step 5: Wnt signals convert the aggregated mesenchyme cells into a nephron
    • Step 6: Inserting the ureter into the bladder
    • Completing the amniote kidney

Lateral Plate Mesoderm: Heart and Circulatory System

Heart Development

  • A minimalist heart
  • Formation of the heart fields
  • Specification of the cardiogenic mesoderm
  • Migration of the cardiac precursor cells
  • The second heart field
  • Initial heart cell differentiation
  • Looping of the heart

Blood Vessel Formation

  • Vasculogenesis: The initial formation of blood vessels
    • Sites of vasculogenesis
    • Growth factors and vaasculogenesis
  • Angiogenesis: Sprouting of blood vessels and remodeling of vascular beds

Hematopoiesis: Stem Cells and Long-Lived Progenitor Cells

  • Sites of hematopoiesis
  • The bone marrow HSC niche

Coda

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