Neural Crest Cells and Axonal Specificity

Abercrombie, M. 1970. Contact inhibition in tissue culture. Vitro 6: 128–142.

Abzhanov, A., D. R. Cordero, J. Sen, C. J. Tabin and J. A. Helms. 2007. Cross- regulatory interactions between Fgf8 and Shh in the avian frontonasal prominence. Congenital Anomalies 47: 136–148. 

PubMed Link

Abzhanov, A., E. Tzadhor, A. B. Lassar and C. J. Tabin. 2003. Dissimilar regulation of cell differentiation in mesencephalic (cranial) and sacral (trunk) neural crest cells in vitro. Development 130: 4567–4579. 

PubMed Link

Ackerman, S. L., L. P. Kozak, S. A. Przyborski, L. A. Rund, B. B. Boyer and B. B. Knowles. 1997. The rostral malformation gene encodes an UNC-5-like protein. Nature 386: 838–842.

PubMed Link

Adams, J. M. and S. Cory. 1998. The Bcl-2 protein family: Arbiters of cell survival. Science 281: 1322–1326.

PubMed Link

Adameyko, I. 2018. Supracellular contractions propel migration. Science 362: 290–291.

PubMed Link

Ahmad, I., C. M. Dooley, and D. L. Polk. 1997. Delta-1 is a regulator of neurogenesis in the vertebrate retina. Dev. Biol. 185: 92–103.

PubMed Link

Akers, R. M., D. F. Mosher and J. E. Lilien. 1981. Promotion of retinal neurite outgrowth by substratum-bound fibronectin. Dev. Biol. 86: 179–188.

PubMed Link

Akitaya, T. and M. Bronner-Fraser. 1992. Expression of cell adhesion molecules during initiation and cessation of neural crest cell migration. Dev. Dynam. 194: 12–20.

PubMed Link

Alfandari, D., H. Cousin, A. Gaultier, B. G. Hoffstrom, and D. W. DeSimone. 2003. Integrin alpha5beta1 supports the migration of Xenopus cranial neural crest on fibronectin. Dev. Biol. 260: 449–464.

PubMed Link

Allan, D. W. and J. J. Greer. 1998. Polysialylated NCAM expression during motor axon outgrowth and myogenesis in the fetal rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 391: 275–292.

PubMed Link

Anderson, D. J. and R. Axel. 1986. A bipotential neuroendocrine precursor whose choice of cell fate is determined by NGF and glucocorticoids. Cell 47: 1079–1090.

PubMed Link

Austin, C. P., D. E. Feldman, J. A. Ida, Jr., and C. L. Cepko. 1995. Vertebrate retinal ganglion cells are selected from competent progenitors by the action of Notch. Development 121: 3637–3650.

PubMed Link

Azevedo, F. A. and 8 others. 2009. Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 513: 532–541.

PubMed Link

Baggiolini, A. and 10 others. 2015. Premigratory and migratory neural crest cells are multipotent in vivo. Cell Stem Cell 16: 314–322.

PubMed Link

Baier, H. and F. Bonhoeffer. 1992. Axon guidance by gradients of a target-derived component. Science 255: 472–475.

PubMed Link

Bard, L., C. Boscher, M. Lambert, R. M. Mège, D. Choquet and O. Thoumine. 2008. A molecular clutch between the actin flow and N-cadherin adhesions drives growth cone migration. J. Neurosci., 28: 5879–5890.

PubMed Link

Barinaga, M. 1995. Receptors find work as guides. Science 269: 1668–1670.

PubMed Link

Barresi, M. J., L. D. Hutson, C. B. Chien, and R. O. Karlstrom. 2005. Hedgehog regulated Slit expression determines commissure and glial cell position in the zebrafish forebrain. Development 132: 3643–3656.

PubMed Link

Barriga, E. H., K. Franze, G. Charras and R. Mayor. 2018. Tissue stiffening coordinates morphogenesis by triggering collective cell migration in vivo. Nature 554: 523–527.

PubMed Link

Basch, M. L., M. Bronner-Fraser and M. I. García-Castro. 2006. Specification of the neural crest occurs during gastrulation and requires Pax7. Nature 441: 218–222.

PubMed Link

Baxter, L. L. and W. J. Pavan. 2003. Pmel17 expression is Mitf-dependent and reveals cranial melanoblast migration during murine development. Gene Expr. Patterns 3: 703–707.

PubMed Link

Bearce, E. A., B. Erdogan, and L. A. Lowery. 2015. TIPsy tour guides: how microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) facilitate axon guidance. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 9: 241.

PubMed Link

Bejarano-Escobar, R., G. Álvarez-Hernán, R. Morona, A. González, G. Martín-Partido, and J. Francisco-Morcillo. 2015. Expression and function of the LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Islet-1 in the developing and mature vertebrate retina. Exp. Eye Res. 138: 22–31.

PubMed Link

Betancur, P., M. Bronner-Fraser and T. Sauka-Spengler. 2010. Genomic code for Sox10 activation reveals a key regulatory enhancer for cranial neural crest.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 3570–3575.

PubMed Link

Betters, E., Y. Liu, A. Kjaeldgaard, E. Sundström and M. I. García-Castro. 2010. Analysis of early human neural crest development. Dev. Biol. 344: 578–592.

PubMed Link

Bhat, K. M. 2005. Slit-roundabout signaling neutralizes netrin-Frazzled-mediated attractant cue to specify the lateral positioning of longitudinal axon pathways. Genetics 170: 149–159.

PubMed Link

Bockman, D. E. and M. L. Kirby. 1984. Dependence of thymus development on derivatives of the neural crest. Science 223: 498–500.

PubMed Link

Bonanomi, D. and S. L. Pfaff. 2010. Motor axon pathfinding. Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Biol. 2: a001735.

PubMed Link

Bovolenta, P., R. K. Liem, and C. A. Mason. 1987. Glial filament protein expression in astroglia in the mouse visual pathway. Brain Res. 430: 113–126.

PubMed Link

Brittis, P. A., V. Lemmon, U. Rutishauser and J. Silver. 1995. Unique changes of ganglion cell growth cone behavior following cell adhesion molecule perturbations: A time-lapse study of the living retina. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 6: 433–449.

PubMed Link

Bronner, M. 2015. Confetti clarifies controversy: Neural crest stem cells are multipotent. Cell Stem Cell 16: 217–218.

PubMed Link

Bronner-Fraser, M. 1986. Analysis of the early stages of trunk neural crest migration in avian embryos using monoclonal antibody HNK-1. Dev. Biol. 115: 44–55.

PubMed Link

Bronner-Fraser, M. and S. E. Fraser. 1988. Cell lineage analysis reveals multipotency of some avian neural crest cells. Nature 335: 161–164.

PubMed Link

Bronner-Fraser, M. and S. E. Fraser. 1989. Developmental potential of avian trunk neural crest cells in situ. Neuron 3: 755–766.

PubMed Link

Brose, K. and 7 others. 1999. Slit proteins bind robo receptors and have an evolutionary conserved role in axon guidance. Cell 96: 795–806.

PubMed Link

Brugmann, S. A., M. D. Tapadia and J. A. Helms. 2006. The molecular origins of species-specific facial pattern. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 73: 1–42.

PubMed Link

Burden, S. J. 1998. The formation of neuromuscular synapses. Genes Dev. 12: 133–148.

PubMed Link

Burstyn-Cohen, T., J. Stanleigh, D. Sela-Donenfeld and C. Kalcheim. 2004. Canonical Wnt activity regulates trunk neural crest delamination linking BMP/noggin signaling with G1/S transition. Development 131: 5327–5339.

PubMed Link

Calloni, G. W., N. M. Le Douarin and E. Dupin. 2009High frequency of cephalic neural crest cells shows coexistence of neurogenic, melanogenic, and osteogenic differentiation capacities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 8947–8952.

PubMed Link

Cammarata, G. M., E. A. Bearce, and L. A. Lowery. 2016. Cytoskeletal social networking in the growth cone: How +TIPs mediate microtubule-actin cross-linking to drive axon outgrowth and guidance. Cytoskeleton doi: 10.1002/cm.21272.

PubMed Link

Carlson, B. M. 1999. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology, 2nd Ed. Mosby. St. Louis.

Carmona-Fontaine, C. and 7 others. 2008. Contact inhibition of locomotion in vivo controls neural crest directional migration. Nature 456: 957–961.

PubMed Link

Carmona-Fontaine, C. and 8 others. 2011. Complement fragment C3a controls mutual cell attraction during collective cell migration. Dev. Cell 21: 1026–1037.

PubMed Link

Cecconi, F., G. Alvarez-Bolado, B. I. Meyer, K. A. Roth and P. Gruss. 1998. Apaf-1 (CED-4 homolog) regulates programmed cell death in mammalian development. Cell 94: 727–737.

PubMed Link

Chacón, M. R. and P. Fazzari. 2011. FAK: Dynamic integration of guidance signals at the growth cone. Cell Adhesion and Migration 5: 52–55.

PubMed Link

Chan, C. E. and D. J. Odde 2008. Traction dynamics of filopodia on compliant substrates. Science 322: 1687–1691.

PubMed Link

Chang, C., T. W. Yu, C. I. Bargmann and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 2004. Inhibition of netrin-mediated axon attraction by a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase.Science 305: 103–106.

PubMed Link

Charron, F., E. Stein, J. Jeong, A. P. McMahon, and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 2003. The morphogen sonic hedgehog is an axonal chemoattractant that collaborates with Netrin-1 in midline axon guidance. Cell 113: 11–23. 

PubMed Link

Chen, Z., B. B. Gore, H. Long, L. Ma, and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 2008. Alternative splicing of the Robo3 axon guidance receptor governs the midline switch from attraction to repulsion. Neuron 58: 325–332.

PubMed Link

Cheng, H.-J., M. Nakamoto, A. D. Bergemann and J. G. Flanagan. 1995. Complementary gradients in expression and binding of ELF-1 and Mek4 in development of the topographic retinotectal projection map. Cell 82: 371–361.

PubMed Link

Clay, M. R. and M. C. Halloran. 2014. Cadherin 6 promotes neural crest cell detachment via F-actin regulation and influences active Rho distribution during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Development 141: 2506–2515.

PubMed Link

Cohen, J., J. F. Burne, C. McKinlay and J. Winter. 1987. The role of laminin and the laminin/fibronectin receptor complex in the outgrowth of retinal ganglial cell axons. Dev. Biol. 122: 407–418.

PubMed Link

Coles, C. H. and F. Bradke. 2014. Microtubule self-organization via protein-RNA network crosstalk. Cell 158: 245–247.

PubMed Link

Coles, E. G., L. A. Taneyhill and M. Bronner-Fraser. 2007. A critical role for Cadherin6B in regulating avian neural crest emigration. Dev. Biol. 312: 533–544.

PubMed Link

Colman, H., J. Nabekura and J. W. Lichtman. 1997. Alterations in synaptic strength precede axon withdrawal. Science 275: 356–361.

PubMed Link

Conway, S. J., D. J. Henderson and A. J. Copp. 1997. Pax3 is required for cardiac neural crest migration in the mouse: Evidence from the Splotch (Sp2H) mutant. Development 124: 505–514.

PubMed Link

Conway, S. J., J. Bundy, J. Chen, E. Dickman, R. Rogers and B. M. Will. 2000. Decreased neural crest stem cell expansion is responsible for the conotruncal heart defects within the Splotch (Sp2H)/Pax3 mouse mutant. Cardiovasc. Res.47: 314–328.

PubMed Link

Corpening, J. C., V. A. Cantrell, K. K. Deal and E. M. Southard-Smith. 2008. A Histone2BCerulean BAC transgene identifies differential expression of Phox2b in migrating enteric neural crest derivatives and enteric glia. Dev. Dyn. 237: 1119–1132.

PubMed Link

Corpening, J. C., K. K. Deal, V. A. Cantrell, S. B. Skelton, D. P. Buehler, and E. M. Southard-Smith. 2011. Isolation and live imaging of enteric progenitors based on Sox10- 
Histone2BVenus transgene expression. Genesis 49: 599–618.

PubMed Link

Cox, E. C., B. Müller and F. Bonhoeffer. 1990. Axonal guidance in chick visual system: Posterior tectal membranes induce collapse of growth cones from temporal retina. Neuron

PubMed Link 4: 31–37.

Creuzet, S. E., S. Martinez and N. M. Le Douarin. 2006. The cephalic neural crest exerts a critical effect on forebrain and midbrain development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 14033–14038.

PubMed Link

Creuzet, S., B. Schuler, G. Couly and N. M. Le Duoarin. 2004. Reciprocal relationships between Fgf8 and neural crest cells in facial and forebrain development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 4843–4847. 

PubMed Link

Creuzet, S., G. Couly and N. M. Le Douarin. 2005. Patterning the neural crest derivatives during development of the vertebrate head: Insights from avian studies. J. Anat. 207: 447–459.

PubMed Link

Crowley, C. and 10 others. 1994. Mice lacking nerve growth factor display perinatal loss of sensory and sympathetic neurons yet develop basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Cell 76: 1001–1011.

PubMed Link

Dakubo, G. D., Y. P. Wang, C. Mazerolle, K. Campsall, A. P. McMahon, and V. A. Wallace. 2003. Retinal ganglion cell-derived Sonic hedgehog signaling is required for optic disc and stalk neuroepithelial cell development. Development 130: 2967–2980.

PubMed Link

Dan, Y. and M.-M. Poo. 1992. Hebbian depression of isolated neuromuscular synapses in vitro. Science 256: 1570–1573.

PubMed Link

Das, A. and J. G. Crump. 2012. BMPs and id2a act upstream of Twist1 to restrict ectomesenchyme potential of cranial neural crest. PLoS Genet. 8: e1002710.

PubMed Link

Dasen, J. S., A. De Camilli, B. Wang, P. W. Tucker and T. M. Jessell. 2008. Hox repertoires for motor neuron diversity and connectivity gated by a single accessory factor, FoxP1. Cell 134: 304–316.

PubMed Link

Davenport, R. W., P. Dou, V. Rehder and S. B. Kater. 1993. A sensory role for neuronal growth cone filopodia. Nature 361: 721–724.

PubMed Link

Davies, J. A., G. W. M. Cook, C. D. Stern and R. J. Keynes. 1990. Isolation from chick somites of a glycoprotein fraction that causes collapse of dorsal root ganglion growth cones. Neuron 4: 11–20.

PubMed Link

Davy, A. and P. Soriano. 2007. Ephrin-B2 forward signaling regulates somite patterning and neural crest cell development. Dev. Biol. 304: 182–193.

PubMed Link

De Calisto, J., C. Araya, L. Marchant, C. F. Riaz and R. Mayor. 2005. Essential role of noncanonical Wnt signalling in neural crest migration. Development 132: 2587–2597.

PubMed Link

Deiner, M. S., T. E. Kennedy, A. Fazeli, T. Serafini, M. Tessier-Lavigne and D. W. Sretavan. 1997. Netrin-1 and DCC mediate axon guidance locally at the optic disk: Loss of function leads to optic nerve hypoplasia. Neuron 19: 575–589.

PubMed Link

Delalande, J. M., A. J. Barlow, A. J. Thomas, A. S. Wallace, N. Thapar, C. A. Erickson and A. J. Burns. 2008. The receptor tyrosine kinase RET regulates hindgut colonization by sacral neural crest cells. Dev. Biol. 313: 279–292.

PubMed Link

Dorsky, R. I., D. H. Rapaport, and W. A. Harris. 1995. Xotch inhibits cell differentiation in the Xenopus retina. Neuron 14: 487–496.

PubMed Link

Dorsky, R. I., W. S. Chang, D. H. Rapaport, and W. A. Harris. 1997. Regulation of neuronal diversity in the Xenopus retina by Delta signalling. Nature 385: 67–70.

PubMed Link

Doupe, A. J., S. C. Landis and P. H. Patterson. 1985. Environmental influences in the development of neural crest derivatives: Glucocorticoids, growth factors, and chromaffin cell plasticity. J. Neurosci. 5: 2119–2142.

PubMed Link

Drescher, U., C. Kremoser, C. Handwerker, J. Löschinger, M. Noda and F. Bonhoeffer. 1995. In vitro guidance of retinal ganglion cell axons by RAGS, a 25 kDa protein related to ligands for Eph receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell 82: 359–370.

PubMed Link

Druckenbrod, N. R. and M. L. Epstein. 2007. Behavior of enteric neural crest-derived cells varies with respect to the migratory wavefront. Dev. Dyn. 236: 84–92.

PubMed Link

Duband, J. L., A. Dady, and V. Fleury. 2015. Resolving time and space constraints during neural crest formation and delamination. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 111: 27–67.

PubMed Link

Erickson, C. A., T. D. Duong and K. W. Tosney. 1992. Descriptive and experimental analysis of the dispersion of neural crest cells along the dorsolateral pathway and their entry into ectoderm in the chick embryo. Dev. Biol. 151: 251–272.

PubMed Link

Erskine, L., S. E. Williams, K. Brose, T. Kidd, R. A. Rachel, C. S. Goodman, M. Tessier-Lavigne and C. A. Mason. 2000. Retinal ganglion cell axon guidance in the mouse optic chiasm: expression and function of robos and slits. J. Neurosci. 20: 4975–4982.

Evans, D. J. R. and D. M. Noden. 2006. Spatial relations between avian craniofacial neural crest and paraxial mesoderm cells. Dev. Dyn. 235: 1310–1325.

PubMed Link

Ezin, A. M., S. E. Fraser and M. Bronner-Fraser. 2009. Fate map and morphogenesis of presumptive neural crest and dorsal neural tube. Dev. Biol. 330: 221–236.

PubMed Link

Fabre, P. J., T. Shimogori, and F. Charron. 2010. Segregation of ipsilateral retinal ganglion cell axons at the optic chiasm requires the Shh receptor Boc. J. Neurosci. 30: 266–275.

PubMed Link

Forscher, P. and S. J. Smith. 1988. Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neural growth cone. J. Cell Biol. 107: 1505–1516.

PubMed Link

Fuchs, Y. and H. Steller. 2011. Programmed cell death in animal development and disease. Cell 147: 742– 758.

PubMed Link

Furukawa, T., S. Mukherjee, Z. Z. Bao, E. M. Morrow, and C. L. Cepko. 2000. Rax, Hes1, and notch1 promote the formation of Müller glia by postnatal retinal progenitor cells. Neuron 26: 383–394.

PubMed Link

Gärtner, A. and 7 others. 2012. N-cadherin specifies first asymmetry in developing neurons. EMBO J. 31: 1893–1903.

PubMed Link

Geiger, B. and K. M. Yamada. 2011. Molecular architecture and function of matrix adhesions. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a005033

PubMed Link

Gershon, M. D., J. H. Schwartz and E. R. Kandel. 1985. Morphology of chemical synapses and pattern of interconnections. In E. R. Kandel and J. H. Schwartz (eds.), Principles of Neural Science, 2nd Ed. Elsevier, New York, pp. 132–147.

Godement, P., J. Salaun and C. A. Mason. 1990. Retinal axon pathfinding in the optic chiasm: Divergence of crossed and uncrossed fibers. Neuron 5: 173–186.

PubMed Link

Goodman, C. S. 1994. The likeness of being: Phylogenetically conserved molecular mechanisms of growth cone guidance. Cell 78: 353–356.

PubMed Link

Goodman, C. S. and C. J. Shatz. 1993. Developmental mechanisms that generate precise patterns of neuronal connectivity. Cell 72 [Suppl.]: 77–98.

PubMed Link

Gosse, N. J., L. M. Nevin and H. Baier. 2008. Retinotopic order in the absence of axon competition. Nature 452: 892–895.

PubMed Link

Gottlieb, D. I., K. Rock and L. Glaser. 1976. A gradient of adhesive specificity in developing avian retina. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73: 410–414.

PubMed Link

Grenier, J., M. A. Teillet, R. Grifone, R. G. Kelly and D. Duprez. 2009. Relationship between neural crest cells and cranial mesoderm during head muscle development. PLoS One 4: e4381.

PubMed Link

Guillin, O., J. Diaz, P. Carroll, N. Griffon, J. C. Schwartz and P. Sokoloff. 2001. BDNF controls dopamine D3 receptor expression and triggers behavioural sensitization. Nature 411: 86–89.

PubMed Link

Gundersen, R. W. 1987. Response of sensory neurites and growth cones to patterned substrata of laminin and fibronectin in vitro. Dev. Biol. 121: 423–431.

PubMed Link

Höpker, V. H., D. Shewan, M. Tessier-Lavigne, M.-M. Poo and C. Holt. 1999. Growth-cone attraction to netrin-1 is converted to repulsion by laminin-1. Nature401: 69–73.

PubMed Link

Halfter, W., M. Claviez and U. Schwarz. 1981. Preferential adhesion of tectal membranes to anterior embryonic chick retina neurites. Nature 292: 67–70.

PubMed Link

Hall, A. 1998. The Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Science 279: 509–514.

PubMed Link

Hall, B. K. 2009. The Neural Crest and Neural Crest Cells in Vertebrate Development and Evolution. Springer, New York.

Hall, Z. W. 1995. Laminin b2 (S-laminin): A new player at the synapse. Science269: 362–363.

PubMed Link

Hall, Z. W. and J. R. Sanes. 1993. Synaptic structure and development: The neuromuscular junction. Cell 72 [Suppl.]: 99–121.

PubMed Link

Hamburger, V. 1929. Experimentelle Beiträge zur Entwicklungsphysiologie der Nervenbahnen in der Froschextremität. Roux's Arch. Dev. Biol. 119: 47–99. doi:10.1007/BF02111182

Hamelin, M., Y. Zhou, M.-W. Su, I. M. Scott and J. G. Culotti. 1993. Expression of the unc-5 guidance receptor in the touch neurons of C. elegans steers their axons dorsally. Nature 364: 327–330.

PubMed Link

Hansen, M. J., G. E. Dallal and J. G. Flanagan. 2004. Retinal axon response to ephrin-As shows a graded, concentration-dependent transition from growth promotion to inhibition. Neuron 42: 717–730.

PubMed Link

Harada, T., C. Harada and L. F. Parada. 2007. Molecular regulation of visual system development: More than meets the eye. Genes Dev. 21: 367–378.

PubMed Link

Harper, S. and A. M. Davies. 1990. NGF mRNA expression in developing cutaneous epithelium related to innervation density. Development 110: 515–519.

PubMed Link

Harris, M. L. and C. A. Erickson. 2007. Lineage specification in neural crest cell pathfinding. Dev. Dyn. 236: 1–19.

PubMed Link

Harris, M. L., R. Hall and C. A. Erickson. 2008. Directing pathfinding along the dorsolateral path—the role of EDNRB2 and EphB2 in overcoming inhibition.Development 135: 4113–4122.

PubMed Link

Harrison, R. G. 1907. Observations on the living developing nerve fiber. Anat. Rec. 1: 116–118.

Harrison, R. G. 1910. The outgrowth of the nerve fiber as a mode of protoplasmic movement. J. Exp. Zool. 9: 787–848.

Hedgecock, E. M., J. G. Culotti and D. H. Hall. 1990. The unc-5, unc-6, and unc-40 genes guide circumferential migrations of pioneer axons and mesodermal cells on the epidermis in C. elegansNeuron 4: 61–85.

PubMed Link

Helbling, P. M., C. T. Tran and A. W. Brändli. 1998. Requirement for EphA receptor signaling in the segregation of Xenopus third and fourth arch neural crest cells. Mech. Dev. 78: 63–79.

PubMed Link

Helms, J. A., D. Cordero, and M. D. Tapadia. 2005. New insights into craniofacial morphogenesis. Development 132: 851–861.

PubMed Link

Hengartner, M. O., R. E. Ellis and H. R. Horvitz. 1992. Caenorhabditis elegansgene ced-9 protects from programmed cell death. Nature 356: 494–499.

PubMed Link

Henion, P. D. and J. A. Weston. 1997. Timing and pattern of cell fate restrictions in the neural crest lineage. Development 124: 4351–4359.

PubMed Link

Herrera, E., and 7 others. 2003. Zic2 patterns binocular vision by specifying the uncrossed retinal projection. Cell 114: 545–557. 

PubMed Link

Hines, J. H., M. Abu-Rub and J.R. Henley. 2010. Asymmetric endocytosis and remodeling of b1-integrin adhesions during growth cone chemorepulsion by MAG. Nature Neurosci. 13: 829–837

PubMed Link

His, W. 1886. Zur Geschichte des mensch-lichen Rückenmarks und der Nervenwurzeln. Ges. Wiss. 13, S. 477.

Hodge, L. K. and 9 others. 2007. Retrograde BMP signaling regulates trigeminal sensory neuron identities and the formation of precise face maps. Neuron 55: 572–586.

PubMed Link

Holleville, N., A. Quilhac, M. Bontoux, and A.-H. Monsoro-Burq. 2003. BMP signals regulate Dlx5 during early avian skull development. Dev. Biol. 257: 177–189. 

PubMed Link

Hollyday, M. 1980. Organization of motor pools in the chick lumbar lateral motor column. J. Comp. Neurol. 194: 143–170.

PubMed Link

Holt, C. 2002. Retinal-tectal projection. Macmillan Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Macmillan, London.

Hong, K., L. Hinck, M. Nishiyama, M. M. Poo, M. Tessier-Lavigne and E. Stein. 1999. A ligand-gated association between cytoplasmic domains of UNC5 and DCC family receptors converts netrin-induced growth cone attraction to repulsion. Cell 97: 927–941.

PubMed Link

Honig, M. G., C. Lance-Jones and L. Landmesser. 1986. The development of sensory projection patterns in embryonic chick hindlimb under experimental conditions. Dev. Biol. 118: 532–548.

PubMed Link

Hua, Z. L., P. M. Smallwood and J. Nathans. 2013. Frizzled3 controls axonal development in distinct populations of cranial and spinal motor neurons. Elife 2:e01482. doi: 10.7554/eLife.01482.

PubMed Link

Huang, X., and J.-P. Saint-Jeannet. 2004. Induction of the neural crest and the opportunities of life on the edge. Dev. Biol. 275: 1–11.

PubMed Link

Huettl, R.-E., H. Soellner, E. Bianchi, B. G. Novitch and A. B. Huber. 2011. Npn-1 contributes to axon-axon interactions that differentially control sensory and motor innervation of the limb. PLoS Biol. 9(2): e1001020.

PubMed Link

Hutson, L. D. and C. B. Chien. 2002. Pathfinding and error correction by retinal axons: the role of astray/robo2. Neuron 33: 205–217.

Hutson, M. R. and M. L. Kirby. 2007. Model systems for the study of heart development and disease: Cardiac neural crest and conotruncal malformations.Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 18: 101–110.

PubMed Link

Hynes, R. O. and A. D. Lander. 1992. Contact and adhesive specificities in the associations, migrations, and targeting of cells and axons. Cell 68: 303–322.

PubMed Link

Ibáñez, C. F., T. Ebendal and H. Persson. 1991. Chimeric molecules with multiple neurotrophic activities reveal structural elements determining the specificities of NGF and BDNF. EMBO J. 10: 2105–2110.

PubMed Link

Ishii, N., W. G. Wadsworth, B. D. Stern, J. G. Culotti and E. M. Hedgecock. 1992. UNC-6, a laminin-related protein, guides pioneer axon migrations in C. elegansNeuron 9: 873–881.

PubMed Link

Jacobson, M. 1967. Retinal ganglion cells: Specification of central connections in larval Xenopus laevisScience 155: 1106–1108.

PubMed Link

Jacobson, M. D., M. Weil and M. C. Raff. 1997. Programmed cell death in animal development. Cell 88: 347–354.

PubMed Link

Jadhav, A. P., H. A. Mason, and C. L. Cepko. 2006. Notch 1 inhibits photoreceptor production in the developing mammalian retina. Development 133: 913–923.

PubMed Link

Jen, J. C. and 35 others. 2004. Mutations in a human ROBO gene disrupt hindbrain axon pathway crossing and morphogenesis. Science 304: 1509–1513.

PubMed Link

Jiang, X., S. Iseki, R. E. Maxson, H. M. Sucov and G. Morriss-Kay. 2002. Tissue origins and interactions in the mammalian skull vault. Dev. Biol. 241: 106–116.

PubMed Link

Jones, K. R., I. Fariñas, C. Backus and L. F. Reichart. 1994. Targeted disruption of the BDNF gene perturbs brain and sensory neuron development, but not motor neuron development. Cell 76: 989–999.

PubMed Link

Kahn, C. R., J. T. Coyle and A. M. Cohen. 1980. Head and trunk neural crest in vitro: Autonomic neuron differentiation. Dev. Biol. 77: 340–348.

PubMed Link

Keleman, K., C. Ribiero, and B. J. Dickson. 2005. Comm function in commissural axon guidance: cell autonomous sorting of Robo in vivoNat. Neurosci. 8: 156–163.

PubMed Link

Keleman, K. and 7 others. 2002. Comm sorts robo to control axon guidance at the Drosophila midline. Cell 110: 415–427.

PubMed Link

Kelsh, R. N. 2006. Sorting out Sox10 functions in neural crest development. Bioessays 28: 788–798.

PubMed Link

Kennedy, T. E., T. Serafini, J. R. de la Torre and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 1994. Netrins are diffusible chemotropic factors for commissural axons in the embryonic spinal cord. Cell 78: 425–435.

PubMed Link

Kidd, T., K. S. Bland and C. S. Goodman. 1999. Slit is the midline repellent for the Robo receptor in DrosophilaCell 96: 785–794.

PubMed Link

Kidd, T., K. Brose, K. J. Mitchell, R. D. Fetter, M. Tessier-Lavigne, C. S. Goodman, and G. Tear. 1998. Roundabout controls axon crossing of the CNS midline and defines a novel subfamily of evolutionarily conserved guidance receptors. Cell 92: 205–215.

PubMed Link

Kim, Y. J. and 7 others. 2014. Generation of multipotent induced neural crest by direct reprogramming of human postnatal fibroblasts with a single transcription factor. Cell Stem Cell 15: 497–506.

PubMed Link

Kinoshita, K. and 8 others. 2014. Endothelin receptor B2 (EDNRB2) is responsible for the tyrosinase-independent recessive white (mo(w)) and mottled (mo) plumage phenotypes in the chicken. PLoS One 9: e86361.

PubMed Link

Kirby, M. L. 1987. Cardiac morphogenesis: Recent research advances. Pediatr. Res. 21: 219–224.

PubMed Link

Kirby, M. L. 1989. Plasticity and predetermination of mesencephalic and trunk neural crest transplanted into the region of the cardiac neural crest. Dev. Biol.134: 402–412.

PubMed Link

Kirby, M. L. and K. L. Waldo. 1990. Role of neural crest in congenital heart disease. Circulation 82: 332–340.

PubMed Link

Klose, M. and D. Bentley. 1989. Transient pioneer neurons are essential for forming an embryonic peripheral nerve. Science 245: 982–984.

PubMed Link

Kolodkin, A. L. and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 2011. Mechanisms and molecules of neuronal wiring: A primer. Cold Spring Harbor Persp. Biol. 3: pii: a001727.

Kolodkin, A. L., D. J. Matthes and C. S. Goodman. 1993. The semaphorin genes encode a family of transmembrane and secreted growth cone guidance molecules. Cell 75: 1389–1399.

PubMed Link

Kolodkin, A. L., D. J. Matthes, T. P. O’Connor, N. H. Patel, D. Bentley and C. S. Goodman. 1992. Fasciclin IV: Sequence, expression, and function during growth cone guidance in the grasshopper embryo. Neuron 9: 831–845.

PubMed Link

Komori, T. and 14 others. 1997. Targeted disruption of Cba1 results in a complete lack of bone formation owing to maturational arrest of osteoblasts.Cell 89: 755–764.

PubMed Link

Korsching, S. and H. Thoenen. 1983. Nerve growth factor in sympathetic ganglia and corresponding target organs of the rat: Correlation with density of sympathetic innervation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 3513–3516.

PubMed Link

Kos, R., M. V. Reedy, R. L. Johnson and C. A. Erickson. 2001. The winged-helix transcription factor FoxD3 is important for establishing the neural crest lineage and repressing melanogenesis in avian embryos. Development 128: 1467–1479.

PubMed Link

Koshiba-Takeuchi, K. and 10 others. 2000. Tbx5 and retinotectal projection.Science 287: 134–137.

PubMed Link

Krull, C. E. and and 7 others. 1997. Interactions between Eph-related receptors and ligands confer rostrocaudal pattern to trunk neural crest migration. Curr. Biol. 7: 571–580.

PubMed Link

Krull, C. E., J. Eberhart, R. McLennan, S. A. Koblar, D. P. Cerretti and E. B. Pasquale. 1999. Segmental patterning of the peripheral nervous system. Dev. Biol. 210: 203.

Kuan, C.-Y., D. Tannahill, G. Cook and R. Keynes. 2004. Somite polarity and segmental patterning of the peripheral nervous system. Mech. Dev. 121: 1055–1068. 

PubMed Link

Kuida, K. and 7 others. 1996. Decreased apoptosis in the brain and premature lethality in CPP32-deficient mice. Nature 384: 368–372.

PubMed Link

Kuida, K. and 8 others. 1998. Reduced apoptosis and cytochrome c-mediated caspase activation in mice lacking caspase 9. Cell 94: 325–337.

PubMed Link

Kulesa, P. M. and S. E. Fraser. 2000. In ovo time-lapse analysis of chick hindbrain neural crest cell migration shows interactions during migration to the branchial arches. Development 127: 1161–1172.

PubMed Link

Kunisada, T. and 8 others. 1998. Transgene expression of steel factor in the basal layer of epidermis promotes survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of melanocyte precursors. Development 125: 2915–2923.

PubMed Link

Kuratani, S. C. and M. L. Kirby. 1991. Initial migration and distribution of the cardiac neural crest in the avian embryo: An introduction to the concept of the circumpharyngeal crest. Am. J. Anat. 191: 215–227.

PubMed Link

Kuratani, S. C. and M. L. Kirby. 1992. Migration and distribution of circumpharyngeal crest cells in the chick embryo. Formation of the circumpharyngeal ridge and E/C8+ crest cells in the vertebrate head region. Anat. Rec. 234: 263–280.

Kuriyama, S. and 7 others. 2014. In vivo collective cell migration requires an LPAR2-dependent increase in tissue fluidity. J. Cell Biol. 206: 113–127.

PubMed Link

Lamoureux, P., R. E. Buxbaum and S. R. Heidemann. 1989. Direct evidence that growth cones pull. Nature 340: 159–162.

PubMed Link

Lance-Jones, C. and L. Landmesser. 1980. Motoneurone projection patterns in chick hindlimb following partial reversals of the spinal cord. J. Physiol. 302: 581–602.

PubMed Link

Landman, K. A., M. J. Simpson and D. F. Newgreen. 2007. Mathematical and experimental insights into the development of the enteric nervous system and Hirschsprung's disease. Dev. Growth Diff. 49: 277–286.

PubMed Link

Landmesser, L. 1978. The development of motor projection patterns in the chick hind limb. J. Physiol. 284: 391–414.

PubMed Link

Landmesser, L. T., M. J. O’Donovan and M. Honig. 1983. The response of avian hindlimb motor and sensory neurons to an altered periphery. In Limb Development and Regeneration (J. F. Fallon and A. I. Caplan, eds.), pp. 207–216. Alan R. Liss, New York.

Le Douarin, N. M. 1982. The Neural Crest. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Le Douarin, N. M. 2004. The avian embryo as a model to study the development of the neural crest: A long and still ongoing study. Mech. Dev. 121: 1089–1102.

PubMed Link

Le Douarin, N. M. and C. Kalcheim. 1999. The Neural Crest, 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Le Douarin, N. M. and M.-A. Teillet. 1973. The migration of neural crest cells to the wall of the digestive tract in avian embryo. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 30: 31–48.

PubMed Link

Le Douarin, N. M., D. Renaud, M.-A. Teillet and G. H. Le Douarin. 1975. Cholinergic differentiation of presumptive adrenergic neuroblasts in interspecific chimeras after heterotopic transplantation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72: 728–732.

PubMed Link

Le Douarin, N. M., G. W. Calloni and E. Dupin. 2008. The stem cells of the neural crest. Cell Cycle 7: 1013–1019.

Le Douarin, N. M., J. M. Brito, S. Creuzet. 2007. Role of the neural crest in face and brain development. Brain Res. Rev. 55: 237–247.

PubMed Link

Le Lièvre, C. S. 1978. Participation of neural crest-derived cells in the genesis of the skull in birds. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 47: 17–37.

PubMed Link

Le Lièvre, C. S. and N. M. Le Douarin. 1975. Mesenchymal derivatives of the neural crest: Analysis of chimaeric quail and chick embryos. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 34: 125–154.

PubMed Link

Lee, S. H., K. K. Fu, J. N. Hui, and J. M. Richman. 2001. Noggin and retinoic acid transform the identity of avian facial prominences. Nature 414: 909–912.

PubMed Link

Lee, Y. H. and J. P. Saint-Jeannet. 2011. Sox9 function in craniofacial development and disease. Genesis 49: 200–208.

PubMed Link

Leonardo, E. D., L. Hinck, M. Masu, K. Keino-Masu, S. L. Ackerman and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 1997. Vertebrate homologues of C. elegans UNC-5 are candidate netrin receptors. Nature 386: 833–838.

PubMed Link

Letourneau, P. C. 1979. Cell-substratum adhesion of neurite growth cones, and its role in neurite elongation. Exp. Cell Res. 124: 127–138.

PubMed Link

Levi-Montalcini, R. and B. Booker. 1960. Destruction of the sympathetic ganglia in mammals by an antiserum to the nerve growth factor protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 46: 384–390.

Li, W. and 12 others. 2004. Activation of FAK and Src are receptor-proximal events required for Netrin signaling. Nat. Neurosci. 7: 1213–1221.

PubMed Link

Ligon, L. A., S. Karki, M. Tokito and E. L. Holzbaur. 2001. Dynein binds to b-catenin and may tether microtubules at adherens junctions. Nature Cell Biol. 3: 913–917.

PubMed Link

Lin, L.-F. H., D. H. Doherty, J. D. Lile, S. Bektesh and F. Collins. 1993. GDNF: A glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons.Science 260: 1130–1132.

PubMed Link

Lindholm, P. and 11 others. 2007. Novel neurotrophic factor CDNF protects and rescues midbrain dopamine neurons in vivo. Nature 448: 73–77.

PubMed Link

Liu, G., W. Li, L. Wang, A. Kar, K. L. Guan, Y. Rao and J. Y. Wu. 2009. DSCAM functions as a netrin receptor in commissural axon pathfinding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 2951–2956.

PubMed Link

Liu, J.-P. and T. M. Jessell. 1998. A role for rhoB in the delamination of neural crest cells from the dorsal neural tube. Development 125: 5055–5067.

PubMed Link

Long, H. and 9 others. 2004. Conserved roles for Slit and Robo proteins in midline commissural axon guidance. Neuron 42: 213–223.

PubMed Link

Loring, J. F. and C. A. Erickson. 1987. Neural crest cell migratory pathways in the trunk of the chick embryo. Dev. Biol. 121: 220–236.

PubMed Link

Lowery, L. A. and D. Van Vactor. 2009. The trip of the tip: Understanding the growth cone machinery Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10: 332–343.

PubMed Link

Luo, H. and 9 others. 2012. Forkhead box N4 (Foxn4) activates Dll4-Notch signaling to suppress photoreceptor cell fates of early retinal progenitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: E553–E562.

PubMed Link

Luo, Y., D. Raibile and J. A. Raper. 1993. Collapsin: A protein in brain that induces the collapse and paralysis of neuronal growth cones. Cell 75: 217–227.

PubMed Link

Lwigale, P. Y., G. W. Conrad and M. Bronner-Fraser. 2004. Graded potential of neural crest to form cornea, sensory neurons, and cartilage along the rostrocaudal axis. Development 131: 1979–1991.

PubMed Link

Makita, T., H. M. Sucov, C. E. Gariepy, M. Yanagisawa and D. D. Ginty. 2008. Endothelins are vascular-derived axonal guidance cues for developing sympathetic neurons. Nature 452: 759–763.

PubMed Link

Mambetisaeva, E. T. W. Andrews, L. Camurri, A. Annan and V. Sundaresan. 2005. Robo family of proteins exhibit differential expression in mouse spinal cord and Robo-Slit interaction is required for midline crossing in vertebrate spinal cord. Dev. Dyn 233: 41-51. 

PubMed Link

Mann, F., S. Ray, W. A. Harris, and C. E. Holt. 2002. Topographic mapping in dorsoventral axis of the Xenopus retinotectal system depends on signaling through ephrin-B ligands. Neuron 35: 461–473.

PubMed Link

Mann, F., W. A. Harris and C. E. Holt. 2004. New views on retinal axon development: A navigation guide. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 48: 957–964.

PubMed Link

Marcus, R. C. and S. S. Easter, Jr. 1995. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and its relation to tract formation in embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio). J. Comp. Neurol. 359: 365–381.

PubMed Link

Marcus, R. C., G. A. Matthews, N. W. Gale, G. D. Yancopoulos and C. A. Mason. 2000. Axon guidance in the mouse optic chiasm: Retinal neurite inhibition by ephrin “A”-expressing hypothalamic cells in vitro. Dev. Biol. 221: 132–147.

PubMed Link

Marín, O., A. Yaron, A. Bagri, M. Tessier-Lavigne and J. L. R. Rubenstein. 2001. Sorting of striatal and cortical interneurons regulated by semaphorin-neuropilin interactions. Science 293: 872–875.

PubMed Link

Martin, P. T., A. J. Ettinger and J. R. Sanes. 1995. Synaptic localization domainin the synaptic cleft protein laminin b2 (s-laminin). Science 269: 413–416.

PubMed Link

Martinez, E. and T. S. Tran. 2015. Vertebrate spinal commissural neurons: A model system for studying axon guidance beyond the midline. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Dev. Biol. 4: 283–297.

PubMed Link

Martinez-Morales, J. R., T. Henrich, M. Ramialison and J. Wittbrodt. 2007. New genes in the evolution of the neural crest differentiation program. Genome Biol. 8: R36.

PubMed Link

Marx, J. 1995. Helping neurons find their way. Science 268: 971–973.

PubMed Link

Matrone, C. and 8 others. 2011. APP is phosphorylated by TrkA and regulates NGF/TrkA signaling. J. Neurosci. 31: 11756–11761.

PubMed Link

Matsunaga, M., K. Hatta and M. Takeichi. 1988. Role of N-cadherin cell adhesion molecules in the histogenesis of neural retina. Neuron 1: 289–295.

PubMed Link

Matthes, D. J., H. Sink, A. L. Kolodkin and C. S. Goodman. 1995. Semaphorin II can function as a selective inhibitor of specific synaptic arborizations. Cell 81: 631–639.

PubMed Link

Mayer, T. C. 1973. The migratory pathway of neural crest cells into the skin of mouse embryos. Dev. Biol. 34: 39–46.

PubMed Link

Mayor, R. and E. Theveneau. 2014. The role of the non-canonical Wnt-planar cell polarity pathway in neural crest migration. Biochem. J. 457: 19–26.

PubMed Link

McGill, G. G. and 14 others. 2002. Bcl2 regulation by the melanocyte master regulator Mitf modulates lineage survival and melanoma cell viability. Cell 109: 707–718.

PubMed Link

McGonnell, I. M. and A. Graham. 2002. Trunk neural crest has skeletogenic potential. Curr. Biol. 12: 767–771.

PubMed Link

McGonnell, I. M., I. J. McKay and A. Graham. 2001. A population of caudally migrating cranial neural crest cells: Functional and evolutionary implications.Development 236: 354–363.

PubMed Link

McKinney, M. C., D. A. Stark, J. Teddy and P. M. Kulesa. 2011. Neural crest cell communication involves an exchange of cytoplasmic material through cellular bridges revealed by photoconversion of KikGR. Dev. Dyn. 240: 1391–1401.

PubMed Link

Meriane, M. and 7 others. 2004. Phosphorylation of DCC by Fyn mediates Netrin-1 signaling in growth cone guidance. J. Cell Biol. 167: 687–698.

PubMed Link

Messersmith, E. K., E. D. Leonardo, C. J. Shatz, M. Tessier-Lavigne, C. S. Goodman and A. Kolodkin. 1995. Semaphorin III can function as a selective chemorepellent to pattern sensory projections in the spinal cord. Neuron 14: 949–959.

PubMed Link

Meulemans, D. and M. Bronner-Fraser. 2004. Gene-regulatory interactions in neural crest evolution and development. Dev. Cell 7: 291–299.

PubMed Link

Millard, S. S., Z. Lu, S. L. Zipursky and I. A. Meinertzhagen. 2010. Drosophiladscam proteins regulate postsynaptic specificity at multiple-contact synapses.Neuron 67: 761–768.

PubMed Link

Mitra, S. K., D. A. Hanson and D. D. Schlaepfer 2005. Focal adhesion kinase: In command and control of cell motility. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 6: 56–68.

PubMed Link

Mitchison, T. and M. Kirschner. 1988. Cytoskeletal dynamics and nerve growth. Neuron 1: 761–172.

PubMed Link

Morin-Kensicki, E. M. and J. S. Eisen. 1997. Sclerotome development and peripheral nervous system segmentation in embryonic zebrafish. Development124: 159–167.

PubMed Link

Mwizerwa, O., P. Das, N. Nagy, S. E. Akbareian, J. D. Mably and A. M. Goldstein. 2011. Gdnf is mitogenic, neurotrophic, and chemoattractive to enteric neural crest cells in the embryonic colon. Dev. Dyn. 240: 1402–1411.

PubMed Link

Myers, J. P., M. Santiago-Medina and T. M. Gomez. 2011. Regulation of axonal outgrowth and pathfinding by integrin-ECM interactions. Dev. Neurobiol. 71: 901–923.

PubMed Link

Nakamoto, M. and 7 others. 1996. Topographically specific effects of ELF-1 on retinal axon guidance in vitro and retinal axon mapping in vivo. Cell 86: 755–766.

PubMed Link

Nakamura, H. and C. S. Ayer-Le Lievre. 1982. Mesectodermal capabilities of the trunk neural crest of the birds. J.Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 70: 1–18. 

PubMed Link

Natarajan, D., C. V. Marcos-Gutierrez, V. Pachnis and E. de Graaf. 2002. Requirement of signaling by receptor tyrosine kinase RET for the directed migration of enteric nervous system progenitor cells during mammalian embryogenesis. Development 129: 5151–5160.

PubMed Link

Nelson, B. R., B. H. Hartman, S. A. Georgi, M. S. Lan, and T. A. Reh. 2007. Transient inactivation of Notch signaling synchronizes differentiation of neural progenitor cells. Dev. Biol. 304: 479–498.

PubMed Link

Neuhaus-Follini, A. and G. J. Bashaw. 2015. Crossing the embryonic midline: molecular mechanisms regulating axon responsiveness at an intermediate target. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Dev. Biol. 4: 377–389.

PubMed Link

Neumann, C. J. and C. Nüsslein-Volhard. 2000. Patterning of the zebrafish retina by a wave of Sonic hedgehog activity. Science 289: 2137–2139.

PubMed Link

Newgreen, D. F. and D. Gooday. 1985. Control of onset of migration of neural crest cells in avian embryos: Role of Ca++-dependent cell adhesions. Cell Tissue Res. 239: 329–336.

PubMed Link

Newgreen, D. F., M. Scheel and V. Kaster. 1986. Morphogenesis of sclerotome and neural crest cells in avian embryos: In vivo and in vitro studies on the role of notochordal extracellular material. Cell Tissue Res. 244: 299–313.

PubMed Link

Nichols, D. H. 1981. Neural crest formation in the head of the mouse embryo as observed using a new histological technique. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 64: 105–120.

PubMed Link

Niclou, S. P., L. Jia, and J. A. Raper. 2000. Slit2 is a repellent for retinal ganglion cell axons. J. Neurosci. 20: 4962–4974.

PubMed Link

Nieto, M. A., M. G. Sargent, D. G. Wilkinson and J. Cooke. 1994. Control of cell behavior during vertebrate development by slug, a zinc finger gene. Science264: 835–839.

PubMed Link

Noakes, P. G., M. Gautam, J. Mudd, J. R. Sanes and J. P. Merlie. 1995. Aberrant differentiations of neuromuscular junctions in mice lacking s-laminin/laminin b2. Nature 374: 258–262.

PubMed Link

Noden, D. M. 1978. The control of avian cephalic neural crest cytodifferentiation. I. Skeletal and connective tissue. Dev. Biol. 67: 296–312.

PubMed Link

Noden, D. M. and R. A. Schneider. 2006. Neural crest cells and the community of plan for craniofacial development: Historical debates and current perspectives. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 589: 1–23.

PubMed Link

Northcutt, R. G. and C. Gans. 1983. The genesis of neural crest and epidermal placodes: A reinterpretation of vertebrate origins. Q. Rev. Biol. 58: 1–28.

PubMed Link

O’Leary, D. D. M. and D. G. Wilkinson. 1999. Eph receptors and ephrins in neural development. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 9: 65–73.

PubMed Link

Ohta, K., D. Tannahill, K. Yoshida, A. R. Johnson, G. M. Cook and R. J. Keynes. 1999. Embryonic lens repels retinal ganglion cell axons. Dev. Biol. 211: 124–132.

PubMed Link

Okada, A. and 7 others. 2006. Boc is a receptor for sonic hedgehog in the guidance of commissural axons. Nature 444: 369–373.

PubMed Link

Orgogozo, V., F. Schweisguth and Y. Bellaïche. 2004. Slit-Robo signaling prevents sensory cells from crossing the midline in Drosophila. Mech. Dev. 121: 427–436.

PubMed Link

Pak, W., R. Hindges, Y.-S. Lim, S. L. Pfaff and D. D. M. O’Leary. 2004. Magnitude of binocular vision controlled by Islet-2 repression of a genetic program that specifies laterality of retinal axon pathfinding. Cell 119: 567–578.

PubMed Link

Pardal, R., P. Ortega-Sáenz, R. Durán and J. López-Barneo. 2007. Glia-like stem cells sustain physiologic neurogenesis in the adult mammalian carotid body. Cell131: 364–377.

PubMed Link

Patterson, P. H. 1992. Neuron-target interactions. In Z. Hall (ed.), An Introduction to Molecular Neurobiology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA, pp. 428–459.

Patthey, C., L. Gunhaga and T. Edlund. 2008. Early development of the central and peripheral nervous systems is coordinated by Wnt and BMP signals. PLoS One 3: e1625.

PubMed Link

Patthey, C., T. Edlund and L. Gunhaga. 2009. Wnt-regulated temporal control of BMP exposure directs the choice between neural plate border and epidermal fate. Development 136: 73–83.

PubMed Link

Paves, H. and M. Saarma. 1997. Neurotrophins as in vitro growth cone guidance molecules for embryonic sensory neurons. Cell Tissue Res. 290: 285–297.

PubMed Link

Pearson, J., E. M. Johnson, Jr. and L. Brandeis. 1983. Effects of antibodies to nerve growth factor on intrauterine development of derivatives of cranial neural crest and placode in the guinea pig. Dev. Biol. 96: 32–36.

PubMed Link

Piacentino, M. L. and M. E. Bronner. 2018. Intracellular attenuation of BMP signaling via CKIP-1/Smurf1 is essential during neural crest induction. PLOS Biol. 16: e2004425.

Plump, A. S. and 7 others. 2002. Slit1 and Slit2 cooperate to prevent premature midline crossing of retinal axons in the mouse visual system. Neuron 33: 219–232. PubMed PMID: 11804570.

Polleux, F., G. Ince-Dunn and A. Ghosh. 2007. Transcriptional regulation of vertebrate axon guidance and synapse formation. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 8: 331–340.

PubMed Link

Polleux, F., T. Morrow and A. Ghosh. 2000. Semaphorin 3A is a chemoattractant for cortical apical dendrites. Nature 404: 567–573.

PubMed Link

Pomeranz, H. D., T. P. Rothman and M. D. Gershon. 1991. Colonization of the post-umbilical bowel by cells derived from the sacral neural crest: Direct tracing of cell migration using an intercalating probe and a replication-deficient retrovirus. Development 111: 647–655.

PubMed Link

Preitner, N. and 7 others. 2014. APC is an RNA-binding protein, and its interactome provides a link to neural development and microtubule assembly. Cell 158: 368–382.

PubMed Link

Price, S. R. and J. Briscoe. 2004. The generation and diversification of spinal motor neurons: Signals and responses. Mech. Dev. 121: 1103–1115.

PubMed Link

Price, S. R., N. V. De Marco Garcia, B. Ranscht and T. M. Jessell. 2002. Regulation of motor neuron pool sorting by differential expression of type II cadherins. Cell 109: 205–216.

PubMed Link

Purves, D. 1994. Neural Activity and the Growth of the Brain. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Purves, D. and J. W. Lichtman. 1980. Elimination of synapses in the developing nervous system. Science 210: 153–157.

PubMed Link

Rajagopalan, S., V. Vivancos, E. Nicolas, and B. J. Dickson. 2000. Selecting a longitudinal pathway: Robo receptors specify the lateral position of axons in the Drosophila CNS. Cell 103: 1033–1045.

PubMed Link

Ramón y Cajal, S. 1890. Sur l’origene et les ramifications des fibres neuveuses de la moelle embryonnaire. Anat. Anz. 5: 111–119.

Ramón y Cajal, S. 1892. Le Rètine de Vertèbrès. La Cellule 9: 119–258.

Randlett, O., L. Poggi, F. R. Zolessi and W. A. Harris WA. 2011. The oriented emergence of axons from retinal ganglion cells is directed by laminin contact in vivo. Neuron 70: 266–280.

PubMed Link

Raven, C. P. and J. Kloos. 1945. Induction by medial and lateral pieces of the archenteron roof with special interest to the determination of the neural crest. Acta Neerl Morphol. 5: 348–362.

Rawles, M. E. 1948. Origin of melanophores and their role in development of color patterns in vertebrates. Physiol. Rev. 28: 383–408.

Reiprich, S., C. C. Stolt , S. Schreiner, R. Parlato and M. Wegner. 2008. SoxE proteins are differentially required in mouse adrenal gland development. Mol. Biol. Cell 19: 1575–1586.

PubMed Link

Rickmann, M., J. W. Fawcett and R. J. Keynes. 1985. The migration of neural crest cells and the growth of motor neurons through the rostral half of the chick somite. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 90: 437–455.

PubMed Link

Roberts, D. S. and S. A. Miller. 1998. Apoptosis in cavitation of middle ear space. Anatomical Rec. 251: 286–289.

PubMed Link

Rodriguez, I., K. Araki, K. Khatib, J.-C. Martinou and P. Vassalli. 1997. Mouse vaginal opening is an apoptosis-dependent process which can be prevented by the overexpression of Bcl2. Dev. Biol. 184: 115–121.

PubMed Link

Rodriguez, O. C., A. W. Schaefer, C. A. Mandato, P. Forscher, W. M. Bement and C.M. Waterman-Storer. 2003. Conserved microtubule-actin interactions in cell movement and morphogenesis. Nature Cell Biol. 5: 599–609.

PubMed Link

Roth, S. and R. B. Marchase. 1976. An in vitro assay for retinotectal specificity.In S. H. Barondes (ed.), Neuronal Recognition. Plenum, New York, pp. 227–248.

Rothberg, J. M., J. R. Jacobs, C. S. Goodman, and S. Artavanis-Tsakonas. 1990. Slit: An extracellular protein necessary for development of midline glia and commissural axon pathways contains both EGF and LRR domains. Genes Dev. 4: 2169–2187.

PubMed Link

Roycroft, A. and R. Mayor. 2016. Molecular basis of contact inhibition of locomotion. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 73: 1119–1130.

PubMed Link

Ruiz de Almodovar, C. and 20 others. 2011. VEGF mediates commissural axon chemoattraction through its receptor Flk1. Neuron 70: 966–978.

PubMed Link

Sabatier, C. and 7 others. 2004. The divergent Robo family protein rig-1/Robo3 is a negative regulator of slit responsiveness required for midline crossing by commissural axons. Cell 117: 157–169.

PubMed Link

Sabry, J. H., T. P. O'Connor, L. Evans, A. Toroian-Raymond, M. Kirschner, and D. Bentley. 1991. Microtubule behavior during guidance of pioneer neuron growth cones in situ. J. Cell Biol. 115: 381–395.

PubMed Link

Saito, D., Y. Takase, H. Murai and Y. Takahashi. 2012. The dorsal aorta initiates a molecular cascade that instructs sympatho-adrenal specification. Science 22: 1578–1581.

PubMed Link

Salehi, A. and 19 others. 2006. Increased App expression in a mouse model of Down's syndrome disrupts NGF transport and causes cholinergic neuron degeneration. Neuron 51: 29–42.

PubMed Link

Sánchez-Arrones, L., F. Nieto-Lopez, C. Sánchez-Camacho, M. I. Carreres, E. Herrera, A. Okada, and P. Bovolenta. 2013. Shh/Boc signaling is required for sustained generation of ipsilateral projecting ganglion cells in the mouse retina. J. Neurosci. 33: 8596–8607.

PubMed Link

Santiago, A. and C. A. Erickson. 2002. Ephrin-B ligands play a dual role in the control of neural crest cell migration. Development 129: 3621–3632.

PubMed Link

Sato, A. and 7 others. 2011. FGF8 signaling is chemotactic for cardiac neural crest cells. Dev. Biol. 354: 18–30.

PubMed Link

Saunders, J. W., Jr. and J. F. Fallon. 1966. Cell death in morphogenesis. In M. Locke (ed.), Major Problems of Developmental Biology. Academic Press, New York, pp. 289–314.

Scarpa, E. and R. Mayor. 2016. Collective cell migration in development. J. Cell. Biol. 212: 143–155.

PubMed Link

Scarpa, E., A. Szabó, A. Bibonne, E. Theveneau, M. Parsons, and R. Mayor. 2015. Cadherin switch during EMT in neural crest cells leads to contact inhibition of locomotion via repolarization of forces. Dev. Cell 34: 421–434.

PubMed Link

Schaefer, A. W., N. Kabir, and P. Forscher. 2002. Filopodia and actin arcs guide the assembly and transport of two populations of microtubules with unique dynamic parameters in neuronal growth cones. J. Cell Biol. 158: 139–152.

PubMed Link

Schmidt, C., I. M. McGonnell, S. Allen, A. Otto and K. Patel. 2007. Wnt6 controls amniote neural crest induction through the non-canonical signaling pathway. Dev. Dyn. 236: 2502–2511.

PubMed Link

Schmitt, A. M., J. Shi, A. M. Wolf, C.-C. Lu, L. A. King and Y. Zou. 2006. Wnt-Ryk signalling mediates medial-lateral retinotectal topographic mapping. Nature439: 31–37.

PubMed Link

Schoenebeck, J. J. and 15 others. 2012. Variation of BMP3 contributes to dog breed skull diversity. PLoS Genet. 8: e1002849.

PubMed Link

Schwarz, Q., C. H. Maden, J. M. Vieira and C. Ruhrberg. 2009. Neuropilin 1 signaling guides neural crest cells to coordinate pathway choice with cell specification. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 6164–6169.

PubMed Link

Schweizer, G., C. Ayer-Le Lièvre and N. M. Le Douarin. 1983. Restrictions of developmental capacities in the dorsal root ganglia during the course of development. Cell Diff. 13: 191–200.

PubMed Link

Sen, J., S. Harpavat, M. A. Peters and C. Cepko. 2005. Retinoic acid regulates the expression of dorsoventral topographic guidance molecules in the chick retina. Development 132: 5147–5159.

PubMed Link

Serafini, T., T. E. Kennedy, M. J. Galko, C. Mirayan, T. M. Jessell and M. Tessier-Lavigne. 1994. The netrins define a family of axon outgrowth-promoting proteins homologous to C. elegans UNC-6. Cell 78: 409–424.

PubMed Link

Serbedzija, G. N., M. Bronner-Fraser and S. E. Fraser. 1992. Vital dye analysis of cranial neural crest cell migration in the mouse embryo. Development 116: 297–307.

PubMed Link

Shaham, S. and H. R. Horvitz. 1996. An alternatively spliced C. elegans ced-4RNA encodes a novel cell death inhibitor. Cell 86: 201–208.

PubMed Link

Sharma, K., A. E. Leonard, K. Lettieri and S. L. Pfaff. 2000. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to motor neuron pathfinding. Nature 406: 515–519.

PubMed Link

Shellard, A., A. Szabó, X. Trepat and R. Mayor. 2018. Supracellular contraction at the rear of neural crest cell groups drives collective chemotaxis. Science 362: 339–343.

Sieber-Blum, M. 1989. Commitment of neural crest cells to the sensory neuron lineage. Science 243: 1608–1611.

PubMed Link

Simões-Costa, M. and M. E. Bronner. 2015. Establishing neural crest identity: A gene regulatory recipe. Development 142: 242–257.

PubMed Link

Simões-Costa. M. and M. E. Bronner. 2016. Reprogramming of avian neural crest axial identity and cell fate. Science 352: 1570–1573.

Simpson, J. H., T. Kidd, K. S. Bland, and C. S. Goodman. 2000. Short-range and long-range guidance by Slit and its Robo receptors: Robo and Robo2 play distinct roles in midline guidance. Neuron 28: 753–766.

PubMed Link

Simpson, J. H., K. S. Bland, R. D. Fetter, and C. S. Goodman. 2000. Short-range and long-range guidance by Slit and its Robo receptors: A combinatorial code of Robo receptors controls lateral position. Cell 103: 1019–1032.

PubMed Link

Simpson, M. J., D. C. Zhang, M. Mariani, K. A. Landman, and D. F. Newgreen. 2007. Cell proliferation drives neural crest cell invasion of the intestine. Dev. Biol. 302: 553–568.

PubMed Link

Sizarov, A., W. H. Lamers, T. J. Mohun, N. A. Brown, R. H. Anderson and A. F. Moorman. 2012. Three-dimensional and molecular analysis of the arterial pole of the developing human heart. J. Anat. 220: 336–349.

PubMed Link

Smith, A., V. Robinson, K. Patel and D. G. Wilkinson. 1997. The EphA4 and EphB1 receptor tyrosine kinases and ephrin-B2 ligand regulate targeted migration of branchial neural crest cells. Curr. Biol. 7: 561–570.

PubMed Link

Smith, M. M. and B. K. Hall. 1993. A developmental model for evolution of the vertebrate exoskeleton and teeth: The role of cranial and trunk neural crest. Evol. Biol. 27: 387–448.

Sperry, R. W. 1951. Mechanisms of neural maturation. In S. S. Stevens (ed.), Handbook of Experimental Psychology. Wiley, New York, pp. 236–280.

Sperry, R. W. 1965. Embryogenesis of behavioral nerve nets. In R. L. DeHaan and H. Ursprung (eds.), Organogenesis. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, pp. 161–186.

Spitzweck, B., M. Brankatschk, and B. J. Dickson. 2010. Distinct protein domains and expression patterns confer divergent axon guidance functions for Drosophila Robo receptors. Cell 140: 409–420.

PubMed Link

Spritz, R. A., L. B. Giebel and S. A. Holmes. 1992. Dominant negative and loss of function mutations of the c-kit (mast/stem cell growth factor receptor) proto-oncogene in human piebaldism Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50: 261–269.

Stier, H. and B. Schlosshauer. 1995. Axonal guidance in the chicken retina. Development 121: 1443–1454.

PubMed Link

Stoller, J. Z. and J. A. Epstein. 2005. Cardiac neural crest. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 16: 704–715.

PubMed Link

Szabó, A., M. Melchionda, G. Nastasi, M. L. Woods, S. Campo, R. Perris and R. Mayor. 2016. In vivo confinement promotes collective migration of neural crest cells. J. Cell Biol. 213: 543–555.

Takeichi, M. 1988. The cadherins: Cell-cell adhesion molecules controlling animal morphogenesis. Development 102: 639–656.

PubMed Link

Tanaka, E. M. and M. W. Kirschner. 1991. Microtubule behavior in the growth cones of living neurons during axon elongation. J. Cell Biol. 115: 345–363.

PubMed Link

Tanaka, E. and M. W. Kirschner. 1995. The role of microtubules in growth cone turning at substrate boundaries. J. Cell Biol. 128: 127–137.

PubMed Link

Tanaka, H. and 8 others. 2000. Molecular modification of N-cadherin in response to synaptic activity. Neuron 25: 93–107.

PubMed Link

Taneyhill, L. A., E. G. Coles and M. Bronner-Fraser. 2007. Snail2 directly represses cadherin6B during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions of the neural crest. Development 134: 1481–1490.

PubMed Link

Tang, J., L. Landmesser, and U. Rutishauser. 1992. Polysialic acid influences specific pathfinding by avian motoneurons. Neuron 8: 1031–1044.

PubMed Link

Teillet, M.-A., C. Kalcheim and N. M. Le Douarin. 1987. Formation of the dorsal root ganglia in the avian embryo: Segmental origin and migratory behavior of neural crest progenitor cells. Dev. Biol. 120: 329–347.

PubMed Link

Teng, L., N. A. Mundell, A. Y. Frist, Q. Wang and P. A. Labosky. 2008. Requirement for Foxd3 in the maintenance of neural crest progenitors.Development 135: 1615–1624.

PubMed Link

Thanos, S., F. Bonhoeffer and U. Rutishauser. 1984. Fiber-fiber interaction and tectal cues influence the development of the chicken retinotectal projection.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 1906–1910.

PubMed Link

Theveneau, E. and R. Mayor. 2011. Can mesenchymal cells undergo collective cell migration? The case of the neural crest. Cell. Adh. Migr. 5: 490–498.

PubMed Link

Theveneau, E. and R. Mayor. 2012. Neural crest delamination and migration: From epithelium-to-mesenchyme transition to collective cell migration. Dev. Biol. 366: 34–54.

PubMed Link

Theveneau, E., L. Marchant, S. Kuriyama, M. Gull, B. Moepps, M. Parsons, and R. Mayor. 2010. Collective chemotaxis requires contact-dependent cell polarity. Dev. Cell 19: 39–53.

PubMed Link

Theveneau, E., B. Steventon, E. Scarpa, S. Garcia, X. Trepat, A. Streit, and R. Mayor. 2013. Chase-and-run between adjacent cell populations promotes directional collective migration. Nat. Cell. Biol. 15: 763–772.

PubMed Link

Thomas, A. J. and C. A. Erickson. 2009. FOXD3 regulates the lineage switch between neural crest-derived glial cells and pigment cells by repressing MITF through a non-canonical mechanism. Development 136: 1849–1858.

PubMed Link

Thomas, L. 1992. The Fragile Species. Macmillan, New York.

Thompson, W. 1983. Synapse elimination in neonatal rat muscle is sensitive to pattern of muscle use. Nature 302: 614–616.

Thompson, H., W. Andrews, J. G. Parnavelas, and L. Erskine. 2009. Robo2 is required for Slit-mediated intraretinal axon guidance. Dev. Biol. 335: 418–426.

PubMed Link

Thompson, H., O. Camand, D. Barker, and L. Erskine. 2006. Slit proteins regulate distinct aspects of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance within dorsal and ventral retina. J. Neurosci. 26: 8082–8091.

PubMed Link

Thorogood, P. 1989. Review of developmental and evolutionary aspects of the neural crest. Trends Neurosci. 12: 38–39.

Tojima, T., H. Akiyama, R. Itofusa, Y. Li, H. Katayama, A. Miyawaki and H. Kamiguchi. 2007. Attractive axon guidance involves asymmetric membrane transport and exocytosis in the growth cone Nature Neurosci. 10: 58–66.

PubMed Link

Tojima, T., R. Itofusa and H. Kamiguchi. 2010. Asymmetric clathrin-mediated endocytosis drives repulsive growth cone guidance. Neuron 66: 370–377.

PubMed Link

Tosney, K. W. 2004. Long-distance cue from emerging dermis stimulates neural crest melanoblast migration. Dev. Dynam. 229: 99–108. 

PubMed Link

Tosney, K. W., K. B. Hotary and C. Lance-Jones. 1995. Specificity of motoneurons. BioEssays 17: 379–382.

PubMed Link

Toyofuku, T. and 11 others. 2008. Repulsive and attractive semaphorins cooperate to direct the navigation of cardiac neural crest cells. Dev. Biol. 321: 251–262.

PubMed Link

Trocovic, N., R. Trocovic and J. Partinen. 2005. Fibroblast growth factor signalling and regional specification of the pharyngeal ectoderm. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 49: 797–805.

PubMed Link

Trokovic, N., R. Trockovic, P. Mai and J. Partanen. 2003. Fgfr1 regulates patterning of the pharyngeal region. Genes Dev. 17: 141–153.

PubMed Link

Tsushida, T., M. Ensini, S. B. Morton, M. Baldassare, T. Edlund, T. M. Jessell and S. L. Pfaff. 1994. Topographic organization of embryonic motor neurons defined by expression of LIM homeobox genes. Cell 79: 957–970.

PubMed Link

Twitty, V. C. 1937. Experiments on the phenomenon of paralysis produced by a toxin occurring in Triturus embryos. J. Exp. Zool. 76: 67–104.

Twitty, V. C. and H. H. Johnson. 1934. Motor inhibition in Amblystoma produced by Triturus transplants. Science 80: 78–79.

Unsicker, K., B. Krisch, U. Otten and H. Thoenen. 1978. Nerve growth factor-induced fiber outgrowth from isolated rat adrenal chromaffin cells: Impairment by glucocorticoids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75: 3498–3502.

PubMed Link

van Horck, F. P., C. Weinl and C. E. Holt. 2004. Retinal axon guidance: Novel mechanisms for steering. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 14: 61–66.

PubMed Link

Varum, S. and L. Sommer. 2014. Reinventing the neural crest: Direct reprogramming makes iNCCs. Cell Stem Cell 15: 397–399.

PubMed Link

Vaux, D. L., I. L. Weissman and S. K. Kim. 1992. Prevention of programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans by human bcl-2Science 258: 1955–1957.

PubMed Link

Villar-Cerviño, V. and 7 others. 2013. Contact repulsion controls the dispersion and final distribution of Cajal-Retzius cells. Neuron 77: 457–471.

PubMed Link

Vitriol, E. A. and J. Q. Zheng. 2012. Growth cone travel in space and time: The cellular ensemble of cytoskeleton, adhesion, and membrane. Neuron 73: 1068–1081.

PubMed Link

Vogel, K. S. and J. A. Weston. 1990. The sympathoadrenal lineage in avian embryos. I. Adrenal chromaffin cells lose neuronal traits during embryogenesis. II. Effects of glucocorticoids on cultured neural crest cells. Dev. Biol. 139: 1–23.

Wada, N., T. Nohno and S. Kuratani. 2011. Dual origins of the prechordal cranium in the chicken embryo. Dev. Biol. 356: 529–540.

PubMed Link

Wakamatsu, Y., T. M Maynard and J. A. Weston. 2000. Fate determination of neural crest cells by NOTCH-mediated lateral inhibition and asymmetrical cell division during gangliogenesis. Development 127: 2811–2821.

PubMed Link

Waldo, K., S. Miyagawa-Tomita, D. Kumiski and M. L. Kirby. 1998. Cardiac neural crest cells provide new insight into septation of the cardiac outflow tract: Aortic sac to ventricular septal closure. Dev. Biol. 196: 129–144.

PubMed Link

Walter, J., S. Henke-Fahle and F. Bonhoeffer. 1987. Avoidance of posterior tectal membranes by temporal retinal axons. Development 101: 909–913.

PubMed Link

Wang, H. U. and D. J. Anderson. 1997. Eph family transmembrane ligands can mediate repulsive guidance of trunk neural crest migration and motor axon outgrowth. Neuron 18: 383–396.

PubMed Link

Wang, Y., G. D. Dakubo, S. Thurig, C. J. Mazerolle, and V. A. Wallace. 2005. Retinal ganglion cell-derived sonic hedgehog locally controls proliferation and the timing of RGC development in the embryonic mouse retina. Development 132: 5103–5113.

PubMed Link

Wang, L., R. Klein, B. Zheng and T. Marquardt. 2011. Anatomical coupling of sensory and motor nerve trajectory via axon tracking. Neuron 71: 263–277.

PubMed Link

Wang, T., Z. Xie and B. Lu. 1995. Nitric oxide mediates activity-dependent synaptic suppression at developing neuromuscular synapses. Nature 374: 262–266.

PubMed Link

Westerfield, M., D. W. Liu, C. B. Kimmel and C. Walker. 1990. Pathfinding and synapse formation in a zebrafish mutant lacking functional acetylcholine receptors. Neuron 4: 867–874.

PubMed Link

Weston, J. A. 1963. A radiographic analysis of the migration and localization of trunk neural crest cells in the chick. Dev. Biol. 6: 274–310.

Weston, J. and S. L. Butler. 1966. Temporal factors affecting localization of neural crest cells in the chicken embryo. Dev. Biol. 14: 246–266.

PubMed Link

Wilkie, A. O. M. and G. Morriss-Kay. 2001. Genetics of craniofacial development and malformation. Nature Rev. Genet. 2: 458–468.

PubMed Link

Williams, S. E. and 9 others. 2003. Ephrin-B2 and EphB1 mediate retinal axon divergence at the optic chiasm. Neuron 39: 919–935.

PubMed Link

Wilson, Y. M., K. L. Richards, M. L. Ford-Perriss, J. J. Panthier and M. Murphy. 2004. Neural crest cell lineage segregation in the mouse neural tube. Development 131: 6153–6162.

PubMed Link

Winberg, M. L., K. J. Mitchell and C. S. Goodman. 1998. Genetic analysis of the mechanisms controlling target selection: Complementary and combinatorial functions of netrins, semaphorins, and IgCAMs. Cell 93: 581–591.

PubMed Link

Woods, C. G. 2004. Crossing the midline. Science 304: 1455–1456.

Woods, M. L., C. Carmona-Fontaine, C. P. Barnes, I. D. Couzin, R. Mayor, and K. M. Page. 2014. Directional collective cell migration emerges as a property of cell interactions. PLoS One 9: e104969.

PubMed Link

Yam, P. T., S. D. Langlois, S. Morin, and F. Charron. 2009. Sonic hedgehog guides axons through a noncanonical, Src-family-kinase-dependent signaling pathway. Neuron 62: 349–362.

PubMed Link

Yam, P. T. and 9 others. 2012. 14-3-3 proteins regulate a cell-intrinsic switch from sonic hedgehog-mediated commissural axon attraction to repulsion after midline crossing. Neuron 76: 735–749.

PubMed Link

Yamada, K. M., B. S. Spooner and N. K. Wessells. 1971. Ultrastructure and function of growth cones and axons of cultured nerve cells. J. Cell Biol. 49: 614–635.

PubMed Link

Yang, L., D. S. Garbe, and G. J. Bashaw. 2009. A frazzled/DCC-dependent transcriptional switch regulates midline axon guidance. Science 324: 944–947.

PubMed Link

Yaron, O., C. Farhy, T. Marquardt, M. Applebury, and R. Ashery-Padan. 2006. Notch1 functions to suppress cone-photoreceptor fate specification in the developing mouse retina. Development 133: 1367–1378.

PubMed Link

Yin, X., M. Watanabe and U. Rutishauser. 1995. Effects of polysialic acid on the behavior of retinal ganglion cell axons during growth into the optic tract and tectum. Development 121: 3439–3446.

PubMed Link

Yoshida, T., P. Vivatbutsiri, G. Morriss-Kay, Y. Saga and S. Iseki. 2008. Cell lineage in mammalian craniofacial mesenchyme. Mech. Dev. 125: 797–808.

PubMed Link

Yoshida, H. and 7 others. 1998. Apaf1 is required for mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and brain development. Cell 94: 739–750.

PubMed Link

Youdim, M. B. 2013. Multi-target neuroprotective and neurorestorative anti-Parkinson and anti-Alzheimer drugs Ladostigil and m30 derived from Rasagiline. Exp. Neurobiol. 22: 1–10.

PubMed Link

Young, H. M., A. J. Bergner, M. J. Simpson, S. J. McKeown, M. M. Hao, C. R. Anderson, and H. Enomoto. 2014. Colonizing while migrating: How do individual enteric neural crest cells behave? BMC Biol. 12: 23. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-12-23.

PubMed Link

Young, H. M., Hearn, C. J., Farlie, P. G., Canty, A. J., Thomas, P. Q. and Newgreen, D. F. 2001. GDNF is a chemoattractant for enteric neural cells. Dev. Biol. 229: 503–516.

PubMed Link

Yung, A. and L. V. Goodrich. 2013. How to survive a nerve-wracking journey. Elife 2:e01845. doi: 10.7554/eLife.01845.

PubMed Link

Zachariah, M. A. and J. G. Cyster. 2010. Neural crest-derived pericytes promote egress of mature thymocytes at the corticomedullary junction. Science 328: 1129–1135.

PubMed Link

Zhang, X. M. and X. J. Yang. 2001. Regulation of retinal ganglion cell production by Sonic hedgehog. Development 128: 943–957.

PubMed Link

Zhang, Y., T. H. Kim, and L. Niswander. 2012. Phactr4 regulates directional migration of enteric neural crest through PP1, integrin signaling, and cofilin activity. Genes Dev. 26: 69–81.

PubMed Link

Zipursky, S. L. and J. R. Sanes. 2010. Chemoaffinity revisited: Dscams, protocadherins, and neural circuit assembly. Cell 143: 343–353.

PubMed Link

Zuccato, C. and 12 others. 2001. Loss of huntingtin-mediated BDNF gene transcription in Huntington’s disease. Science 293: 493–498.

PubMed Link

Back to top