Weller Dynamic Figures 9.4 and 9.5

Find instances where the proportional relationship between Zeff2 and n2 breaks down. What is responsible for these apparent anomalies?

Dynamic figure 9.4 Plot of first ionization energies against Zeff2/n2 for the outermost electrons for the elements lithium to neon (n = 2).

Dynamic figure 9.5 Plot of first ionization energies against Zeff2/n2 for the outermost electrons for the elements hafnium to mercury (n = 6).

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