Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions

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1) The burning of traditional biomass provides about ____ percentage of the world's final energy demand.

Your response

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2) The typical percentage of solar energy converted into biomass is about…

1%. correct incorrect

8%. correct incorrect

25%. correct incorrect

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3) Match the regions to the plant type.

3a.

Tropical regions

C4 plants C3 plants Algae CAM plants

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3b.

Temperate regions

C4 plants CAM plants Algae C3 plants

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3c.

Semi-arid land

C3 plants Algae CAM plants C4 plants

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3d.

Marsh land

Algae C4 plants CAM plants C3 plants

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4) Starch and cellulose are both biopolymers of _____.

Your response

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5) Match the heats of combustion to the compounds.

5a.

~16 MJ kg^-1

Carbohydrates Fatty acids Gasoline Ethanol

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5b.

~38 MJ kg^-1

Fatty acids Ethanol Gasoline Carbohydrates

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5c.

~30 MJ kg^-1

Carbohydrates Gasoline Ethanol Fatty acids

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5d.

~45 MJ kg^-1

Fatty acids Carbohydrates Ethanol Gasoline

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6) Which of the following statements about traditional biomass cooking are true? Please select all that apply.

Improved cooking stoves eliminate the damaging effects of air pollution correct incorrect

In the short term, burning propane for cooking rather than using conventional biomass stoves is preferable correct incorrect

Adding a chimney is a cheap, versatile, and effective solution to air pollution from stoves. correct incorrect

Reducing air pollution significantly requires insulating the combustion region and providing sufficient air. correct incorrect

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7) Estimate the amount of electricity in TWh that could be produced annually from a biomass-fired power station that burns biomass grown over an area of 50km by 50km.

11 correct incorrect

4 correct incorrect

1.1 correct incorrect

0.04 correct incorrect

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8) ______ digestion is the decomposition of organic matter in the absence of air by bacteria.

Your response

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9) In gasification, a decrease in temperature at constant pressure favours the products of an _____ reaction.

Your response

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10) The amount of CO₂ emitted in the burning of municipal waste is about…

30 g/kWh. correct incorrect

180 g/kWh. correct incorrect

360 g/kWh. correct incorrect

600 g/kWh. correct incorrect

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11) What percentage of the ~110 EJ of energy used in transport worldwide do biofuels provide?

1% correct incorrect

3% correct incorrect

10% correct incorrect

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12) Ethanol is produced from sugar by _______.

Your response

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13) Match the process to the product.

13a.

Enzyme hydrolysis

Bio-oil Ethanol Biodiesel

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13b.

Trans-esterification

Biodiesel Ethanol Bio-oil

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13c.

Pyrolysis

Ethanol Bio-oil Biodiesel

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14) How many people in the developing world rely on traditional biomass, coal, or kerosene for cooking on traditional stoves or open fires?

~0.5 billion correct incorrect

~1.5 billion correct incorrect

~2.5 billion correct incorrect

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15) Match the fossil fuel replacement ratios to the biofuel source.

15a.

Ethanol from corn

~ 1.3 ~ 6 ~ 8 ~ 9

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15b.

Ethanol from sugarcane

~ 1.3 ~ 9 ~ 6 ~ 8

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51c.

Biodiesel from palm oil

~ 8 ~ 1.3 ~ 6 ~ 9

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51d.

Biodiesel from jatropha

~ 1.3 ~ 6 ~ 8 ~ 9

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16) Match the CO₂ replacement times to the feedstocks.

16a.

Palm oil

~ 20 y ~ 100 y ~ 0 y

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16b.

Sugarcane

~ 0 y ~ 100 y ~ 20 y

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16c.

Switchgrass

~ 20 y ~ 100 y ~ 0 y

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17) Which biomass feedstock has the least environmental risk?

Rapeseed correct incorrect

Palm oil correct incorrect

Forest residues correct incorrect

Corn correct incorrect

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18) Which of the following statements about biomass are true?
Please select all that apply.

Water supply is not a concern for large scale biomass production. correct incorrect

Food production can be in competition with biomass production. correct incorrect

Electricity from biomass does require energy storage. correct incorrect

Biomass can be close to being a carbon-neutral fuel. correct incorrect

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19) Match the potential yields (litre ha^-1 y^-1) of biofuel to the feedstocks

19a.

Sugarcane

~ 6000 ~ 3000 ~ 1000 ~ 10000

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19b.

Algae

~ 10000 ~ 3000 ~ 1000 ~ 6000

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19c.

Cassava

~ 10000 ~ 3000 ~ 6000 ~ 1000

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19d.

Rapeseed

~ 10000 ~ 6000 ~ 3000 ~ 1000

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20) What percentage of the global final energy demand could traditional and modern biomass supply in 2050?

~10% correct incorrect

~15% correct incorrect

~30% correct incorrect