Chapter 11 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires drastic action in the coming decades, in both ______ to _______ sources of energy and in reducing ______ _______.

2) Industry is easier to decarbonize than buildings.

True

False

3) Energy usage in buildings, industry, and transport accounts for what percentage of global final energy demand?

~50%

~70%

~90%

4) Limiting global warming to 1.5 °C will require reducing emissions by 2050 by at least close to…

40%.

60%.

80%.

90%.

5) The percentages of the final energy demand from buildings, industry, and transport, respectively, are approximately…

30%, 29%, 29%.

26%, 34%, 28%.

32%, 35%, 22%.

6) The percentage of the total global electricity usage that lighting accounts for is…

~10%.

~15%.

~20%.

~25%.

7) A passive design is one that uses the local ______conditions and appropriate materials to help maintain comfortable temperatures.

8) Buildings with a large thermal mass…

closely follow the external temperature.

are most useful in regions where there is a large difference between day- and night-time temperatures.

can be less effective in hot humid regions.

9) On one day during the period from 00:00 to 11:59 the average ambient temperature was 12.3 °C, and from 12:00 to 23:59 it was 13.1 °C; the base temperature was 15.5 °C. What was the number of degree-days for that day?

1.4

2.8

5.6

10) Cutting emissions from existing buildings can be achieved, in particular, by ______ __ _______ sources of electricity and heating, and improving their _______.

11) Energy intensity and materials intensity are each improved by 10% throughout industry. What percentage improvement in carbon intensity is required to reduce emissions by 50%?

17%

33%

62%

12) _____ _____ is when the production of a product is transferred to another country, where production costs are less and limits on carbon emissions are less stringent.

13) The efficiency with which materials are used can be improved through 'reduce, ___, and ___'.

14) Five options for fuel switching in industry are ____ ____ ____ ____, and ____.

15) Emissions from the iron and steel industry and from cement production account for over what percentage of the direct emissions from industry?

~35%

~50%

~70%

16) _______ generated by off-shore wind power could be used for decarbonizing ____ ____ and _____ _____ _____.

17) Match the following reactions to their names.

17a.

CH₄ + H₂O → 3H₂ + CO

17b.

CO + H₂O → CO₂ + H₂

17c.

CO₂+4H₂ → CH₄ + 2H₂O

17d.

N₂ +3H₂→2NH₃

18) Alternatives to making steel with coke are to use _____, _____, or _____.

19) Which of the following statements about carbon capture and storage in industry are true?
Please select all that apply.

Storages sites are readily available.

Transport costs are significant.

Economies of scale are possible.

Integration will generally be straightforward.

Negative emissions are possible.

20) Light goods vehicles (LDVs) account for what percentage the global energy use in transport?

~20%

~30%

~45%

~65%

21) Which of the following statements about hydrogen fuel cells are true?
Please select all that apply.

They can provide carbon-free electricity with very low emissions and good electrical efficiencies of ~80%.

Fuel cells are quiet and reliable.

The advantages of fuel cells rather than batteries for trucks are an increased range and speed of refueling.

The main source of hydrogen for fuel cells is currently from fossil fuels.

22) A ____ ____ is an electrochemical device that can be used to generate electricity.

23) Match the following means of lowering the carbon intensity to the modes of transport that would be most effective.

23a.

Cars

23b.

Ships

23c.

Planes

24) Avoid journeys by using _____ ______ and _______ ________.

Quiz Content