Chapter 08 Quiz C with References

. The monastic tradition began in _____.

. Armenian Christians were part of the _____ tradition.

. The pope who played a key role in expanding the power of the papacy and the unity of the Catholic Church was _____.

. Mary was elevated to the role of 'Mother of God' in an attempt to promote the Nestorian version of Christianity.

. Iconoclasts believed that representing the divine in human form was idolatry, not proper worship.

. The German confederations which invaded the former Roman lands of Western Europe _____.

. In the new, Germanic kingdoms of Western Europe, the centers of power shifted from Roman cities to _____.

. The largest change to Slavic culture which resulted from the influence of contact with Byzantine and Frankish societies was _____.

. Islam is rooted in the Judaic and Christian traditions.

. Muhammad's conquest of Mecca is the first instance of jihad, which means _____.

. The five pillars of Islam include _____.

. Christians and Jews under Umayyad rule _____.

. Later caliphs attempted to maintain the distinction between Arab and non-Arab Muslims and maintain Arab control over the empire.

. The Abbasid caliphs built a new capital at ______.

. A Shari'a is _____.

. The unity of the Abbasid caliphate disintegrated in part because of disagreements between the caliphs and religious scholars over religious authority.

. The object of early Viking raids was _____.

. Viking kings' role was not to levy the taxes but to distribute wealth to his followers.

. Vikings began colonizing conquered lands in the _____.

. The Viking way of life was eroded by _____.

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