Chapter 9 Key facts checklists

Freedom from discrimination
  • Equality is a contested concept.
  • There are different forms of equality: formal and substantive.
  • The United Nations has developed specific treaty and charter mechanisms to give protection from discrimination.
  • Article 14 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) gives limited protection against discrimination but has been expanded by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and Protocol 12.
  • The Equality Act 2010 has consolidated and expanded equality laws in the UK.
Back to top