Chapter 2 Multiple choice questions

. George fails to call a doctor to treat his 3-year-old son when he falls ill. The son dies and George is charged with his manslaughter. Under which of the following categories will the law impose a duty on George to act?

Special relationship or duty to avert danger created

Duty to avert danger created or statutory duty

Special relationship or statutory duty

Statutory duty or public duty

. Harriet fails to call for medical assistance when her husband falls ill, but decides to care for him herself. As a result, he dies. Under which of the following categories might the law impose a duty on Harriet to act?

Duty to avert danger created or statutory duty

Duty to avert danger created or voluntary assumption of responsibility

Special relationship or duty to avert danger created

Special relationship or voluntary assumption of responsibility

. Sam is a lifeguard at a swimming pool. Whilst working by the poolside, Sam notices a girl drowning. He decides not to jump in because he doesn't want to get his new trainers wet. The girl dies. Under which of the following categories might the law impose a duty on Sam to act?

Contractual duty

Special relationship

Voluntary assumption of responsibility

Duty to avert a danger created

. Joseph and Louis, two friends, take heroin together. Each administers the drug to himself. After an hour, Joseph realises that Louis has fallen unconscious. He tries to revive him, but when Louis does not wake up, Joseph leaves him, thinking that Louise will wake up in the morning. Under which of the following categories might the law impose a duty on Joseph to act?

Special relationship

Voluntary assumption of responsibility

Duty to avert a danger created

Public duty

. Which of the following will always break the chain of causation?

The thin skull rule

Negligent medical treatment

A voluntary act of the victim

A foreseeable escape

. Which of the following is the leading authority on negligent medical treatment cases?

Cheshire (1991)

Jordan (1956)

Pagett (1963)

Roberts (1971)

. Which of the following is NOT an accurate representation of the test for causation in law?

De minimis principle

Operating and substantial cause

Significant contribution

But for

. Which of the following authorities is NOT an "escape" case?

Roberts (1971)

Pagett (1963)

Williams and Davies (1992)

Mackie (1973)

. In order to escape from her attacker, Natalie jumps out of a second floor window. Her attacker is charged in respect of Natalie's injuries. Which of the following is an accurate representation of the law in Roberts (1971)?

The chain of causation will not be broken because you take your victim as you find them.

The chain of causation will be broken if Natalie's escape was foreseeable.

The chain of causation will not be broken if Natalie's escape was "daft" and unforeseeable.

The chain of causation will be broken if Natalie's escape was "daft" and unforeseeable.

. Which of the following is FALSE?

The law does not punish a person for having evil thoughts alone.

The actus reus of an offence may require proof of conduct, circumstances or consequences.

Mens rea is always a requirement of a criminal offence.

Actus reus is always a requirement of a criminal offence.

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