Chapter 4 Chapter Exam

. 1. The application of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments is called

a. Incorporation.

b. Selective incorporation.

c. Combination.

d. Integration.

. 2. The process by which the Supreme Court has gradually applied specific liberties deemed absolutely necessary in a free society to all state action is called

a. Incorporation.

b. Selective incorporation.

c. Combination.

d. Integration.

. 3. The publication of written material that damages person's reputation is called

a. Prior restraint.

b. Fighting words.

c. Libel.

d. Hate speech.

. 4. Fighting words are

a. Derisive, insulting, or offensive words that inflict damage on other people and are therefore not protected by the First Amendment.

b. A form of expression that is hostile toward those of a particular race, ethnicity, gender, religion, nationality, or sexual orientation.

c. The publication of written material that damages a person's reputation.

d. A usually impermissible government regulation that prevents the publication of printed material.

. 5. A form of expression that is hostile toward those of a particular race, ethnicity, gender, religion, nationality, or sexual orientation is known as Hate speech is

a. Fighting words.

b. Hate speech.

c. Libel.

d. Prior restraint.

. 6. A usually impermissible government regulation that prevents the publication of printed material is known as

a. Fighting words.

b. Hate speech.

c. Libel.

d. Prior restraint.

. 7. The government is not allowed to endorse a religion due to the.

a. Free exercise clause.

b. Separation of church and state.

c. Establishment clause.

d. All of the above.

. 8. The government is not allowed to prohibit people from practicing their religion due to the

a. Free exercise clause.

b. Separation of church and state.

c. Establishment clause.

d. All of the above.

. 9. Which of the following amendments is not specific to the criminal justice process and system?

a. Second.

b. Fourth.

c. Sixth.

d. Eighth.

. 10. The exclusionary rule is

a. A view that evaluates other cultures according to the preconceived notions of one's own culture.

b. A legal document that allows law enforcement to search someone's person, home, or business.

c. A legal requirement that there be more evidence indicating guilt than indicating innocence before a law enforcement officer can act.

d. A judicially created civil liberties protection that prohibits the use of evidence gathered in violation of the Fourth Amendment.

. 11. An ethnocentric view is

a. A view that evaluates other cultures according to the preconceived notions of one's own culture.

b. A legal document that allows law enforcement to search someone's person, home, or business.

c. A legal requirement that there be more evidence indicating guilt than indicating innocence before a law enforcement officer can act.

d. A judicially created civil liberties protection that prohibits the use of evidence gathered in violation of the Fourth Amendment.

. 12. A search warrant is

a. A view that evaluates other cultures according to the preconceived notions of one's own culture.

b. A legal document that allows law enforcement to search someone's person, home, or business.

c. A legal requirement that there be more evidence indicating guilt than indicating innocence before a law enforcement officer can act.

d. A judicially created civil liberties protection that prohibits the use of evidence gathered in violation of the Fourth Amendment.

. 13. Probable cause is

a. A view that evaluates other cultures according to the preconceived notions of one's own culture.

b. A legal document that allows law enforcement to search someone's person, home, or business.

c. A legal requirement that there be more evidence indicating guilt than indicating innocence before a law enforcement officer can act.

d. A judicially created civil liberties protection that prohibits the use of evidence gathered in violation of the Fourth Amendment.

. 14. The Employment Division v. Smith (1990) case exemplifies

a. Ethnocentric views.

b. Search warrants.

c. Probable cause.

d. The exclusionary rule.

. 15. Which of the following is least related to Miranda rights?

a. Ethnocentric views.

b. Search warrants.

c. Probable cause.

d. The exclusionary rule.

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