Chapter 10 Self-assessment

. The event that had the greatest influence on the Latin American Left in the post-1945 period was

The Chinese Revolution

The Cuban Revolution

The Algerian War

The decolonization of British India

. The Bolivian MNR took all of the following steps EXCEPT

Expanding voting rights to include illiterate people and women.

Improving wages and working conditions for Bolivian miners.

Nationalizing the most important foreign-owned properties in the country without paying compensation.

Confirming the rights of hacienda peons and indigenous communities to the lands they farmed.

. The Pact of Punto Fijo included all of the following provisions EXCEPT

Dividing government jobs between the AD, COPEI, and other coalition parties, while excluding the Communist Party.

Committing Venezuela to holding and respecting the results of free and fair elections.

Giving a blanket amnesty for the abuses committed during Venezuela's military dictatorship.

Nationalizing and secularizing all public education, as in Mexico.

. Reforms implemented under Costa Rica's "Second Republic" included all of the following EXCEPT:

Free universal health care and free public education at all levels

Incorporating the Communist Party into the government coalition, thereby neutralizing it as a threat.

Imposing presidential term limits and creating an independent electoral tribunal

Abolishing Costa Rica's army.

. Guatemala's land reform

Struck equally at the interests of the Guatemalan coffee oligarchy and foreign plantation owners.

Compensated the landowners with government bonds based on the value of the land as assessed for tax purposes.

Largely targeted land that, for economic and ecological reasons, was not already being used to grow crops.

Distributed land to some 500,000 families, equaling one-sixth of the country's population.

. Efforts by the U.S. government to remove Fidel Castro from power included all of the following EXCEPT

Instigating multiple attempts to assassinate him.

Imposing an economic embargo on the entire country.

Arming, training, and organizing a paramilitary force of Cuban exiles that invaded the island at the Bay of Pigs (Playa Girón).

Using the US nuclear arsenal to threaten the island, leading to the Cuban Missile Crisis.

. Which of the following statements about Getúlio Vargas's last term in office is FALSE?

He squandered the opportunities provided by a favorable climate for Brazil's exports.

He won the 1950 presidential election freely and handily.

He was severely weakened politically by the end of his presidency.

Vargas' suicide helped a successor from within his political movement win the next election.

. All of the following were significant sources of inspiration for the Argentine Montoneros EXCEPT

Revolutionary Marxism

The Cuban Revolution

The speeches and iconography of Evita Perón

The social-justice message of liberation theology

. In the Chilean election of 1970

Salvador Allende's Unidad Popular (UP) coalition won a decisive 65% majority of the vote.

Salvador Allende's Unidad Popular (UP) coalition won a narrow 50.5% majority of the vote.

Salvador Allende's Unidad Popular (UP) coalition won with a narrow plurality of 36.2% of the vote.

Salvador Allende's Unidad Popular (UP) coalition seized power after the election result was annulled by the Supreme Court.

. The United States government took all of the following steps to undermine Salvador Allende EXCEPT

Funding opposition media and political parties.

Training a paramilitary group of anticommunist Chilean exiles to invade the country from across the border in Bolivia.

Undermining the Chilean economy by withdrawing bilateral economic aid and holding up loans from multilateral development banks.

Encouraging the Chilean military to block his inauguration and then to overthrow him once he was in office.

. In general, Ecuador's military reformist governments followed a more moderately economic nationalist and statist line than did Peru's, while also benefiting from oil revenues that the Peruvians lacked.

True.

False.

. Which of the following statements about land reform under General Velasco's government in Peru is FALSE?

Prior to the reform, one percent of Peru's population had owned 76% of the country's land.

Food production decreased after the land redistribution.

The government failed to support the reform by providing adequate training, technology, and inputs to campesinos to make the most of the lands they received.

The reform proved unpopular because the government forced recipients of land to work on state-owned cooperatives, rather than as individual small farmers.

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