Chapter 3 Quiz

. The Tuskegee syphilis study was ethically problematic because

participants were exposed to a deadly contagious disease.

the researchers made false promises that the participants' disease was treatable.

the researchers offered participants nothing in return for their participation.

it violated the principle of informed consent.

. Intentional deception in research studies or experiments involves all except for

lies.

disguises.

misinformation.

openness.

. A researcher plans to conduct a survey to measure the incidence of student cheating at his university. In considering potential risks, what would be the best advice you could offer?

The possibility that respondents in the study may be identified, but that it poses no more than a "minimal risk."

The study should not be done because it offers no discernible benefits to research participants.

The study should not be done because of the high risk to research participants.

The researcher should consider an anonymous survey to protect participants' privacy.

. According to federal regulations, an informed decision about whether to participate in study entails,

participants having adequate information about the study they are participating in.

participants having knowledge of the probable risks of participating.

participants experiencing coercion or undue influence to be involve.

participants or the participant's legal guardian signing a written consent form.

. Debriefing is a short interview that takes place between an investigator and research participants after they have finished their participation; it serves _______ purpose(s).

methodological

educational

ethical

methodological, educational, and ethical

. The two forms of privacy protection are

anonymity and confidentiality.

anonymity and justice.

confidentiality and beneficence.

confidentiality and respect for persons.

. Which of the following is true according to the text's discussion of institutional review boards (IRBs)?

Their main purpose is to review cases of scientific misconduct.

They are mandated by federal regulations to review research proposals involving human research participants.

They are comprised exclusively of nonscientists who are employed outside the institution.

Their role is to advise rather than to approve, modify, or disapprove research proposals.

. According the text, what is Max Weber's position on the doctrine of value neutrality?

All phases of scientific research should be value-free.

The doctrine applies to the natural sciences but not to the social sciences.

Personal values should not influence how researchers design and conduct their research.

It is impossible to remove the influence of personal values on scientific research.

. With regard to the practical application of research findings, the text suggests that social scientists

have no control over and, therefore, no ethical obligation to consider how their findings may be used by others.

should emulate medical researchers and play the role of impartial experts.

should consider the implications of their research and how others may use their findings.

should not advocate particular uses of their findings.

. With regard to the issue of conflict of interest, some social scientists criticized Mark Regnerus for

doing research financially supported by foundations that opposed same-sex marriage.

failing to divulge the funding sources for his research.

concealing findings that were contrary to his personal position on same-sex marriage.

doing research on a topic about which he had strong personal feelings.

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